# CVE-2012-2654: OpenStack Compute (Nova) Improper Input Validation

> Remote attackers can bypass security group restrictions in OpenStack Compute by exploiting case-sensitive protocol checks during security group creation.

- **Severity:** Medium 4.3 (`AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 21 Jun 2012
- **Updated:** 6 Aug 2024
- **Also known as:** DEBIAN-CVE-2012-2654, GHSA-46r8-9cj7-pw6g

## What is CVE-2012-2654?

CVE-2012-2654 is a medium-severity vulnerability in n/a, published on 21 Jun 2012. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

The (1) EC2 and (2) OS APIs in OpenStack Compute (Nova) Folsom (2012.2), Essex (2012.1), and Diablo (2011.3) do not properly check the protocol when security groups are created and the network protocol is not specified entirely in lowercase, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions.

Weakness: CWE-20 (Improper Input Validation)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2012-2654?

2 open source packages ship an affected version, including nova. It affects 3 products.


| Package | Ecosystem | Affected | Fixed in |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `nova` | PyPI | All versions | 12.0.0a0 |
| `nova` | PyPI | All versions | 12.0.0a0 |

Products: Openstack Compute, Openstack Diablo, Openstack Essex.

## How do I fix CVE-2012-2654?

Upgrade nova to 12.0.0a0 or later.

## Is CVE-2012-2654 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2012-2654 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in n/a

- [CVE-2013-7130](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2013-7130/): OpenStack Nova Live migration can leak root disk into ephemeral storage (high 7.1)
- [CVE-2014-0167](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2014-0167/): OpenStack Compute (Nova) allows remote authenticated users to gain privileges via API requests (medium 6.0)
- [CVE-2015-2687](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2015-2687/): OpenStack Compute (Nova) Improper Access Control (medium 4.7)
- [CVE-2013-4179](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2013-4179/): OpenStack Compute (Nova) vulnerable to denial of service via XML Entity Expansion attack (medium 4.3)
- [CVE-2013-4185](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2013-4185/): OpenStack Nova Denial of Service in network source security groups (medium 4.0)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2012-2654 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2012-2654 is a medium-severity vulnerability in n/a, published on 21 Jun 2012. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2012-2654 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected packages and fixed versions:
- nova (PyPI): affected all versions; fixed in 12.0.0a0
- nova (PyPI): affected all versions; fixed in 12.0.0a0

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2012-2654/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2012-2654/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2012-2654
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-2654
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2012-2654

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2012-2654/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.