{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 5 products.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2016-0728 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Apply the vendor's patch.","what":"CVE-2016-0728 is a high-severity use after free vulnerability in Canonical Ubuntu Linux, published on 8 Feb 2016. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2016-0728 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2016-0728 is a high-severity use after free vulnerability in Canonical Ubuntu Linux, published on 8 Feb 2016. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2016-0728 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected product: Canonical Ubuntu Linux. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2016-0728/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2016-0728/index.md)","id":"CVE-2016-0728","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2016-0728/index.md","name":"CVE-2016-0728","record":{"aliases":["CVE-2016-7028","DEBIAN-CVE-2016-0728","GHSA-pm5x-hxhr-68w7","MGASA-2016-0031","MGASA-2016-0032","MGASA-2016-0033","RHSA-2016:0064","RHSA-2016:0065","SUSE-SU-2016:0186-1","SUSE-SU-2016:0205-1","SUSE-SU-2016:0341-1","UBUNTU-CVE-2016-0728","USN-2870-1","USN-2871-2","USN-2872-2","USN-2873-1"],"analysis":{"component_type":"kernel","fix_type":"patch","impacts":["privilege_escalation","denial_of_service"],"network_reachable":"adjacent_or_local","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Linux kernel","requires_auth":"low_privilege","summary":"Local attackers can exploit a use-after-free flaw in the Linux kernel keyring to gain privileges or cause a denial of service.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"use_after_free"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"redhat","cpe":[{"product":"ubuntu_linux","vendor":"canonical"},{"product":"debian_linux","vendor":"debian"},{"product":"android","vendor":"google"},{"product":"server_migration_pack","vendor":"hp"},{"product":"linux_kernel","vendor":"linux"}],"cvss":{"score":7.8,"severity":"high","source":"nvd","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[],"description":"The join_session_keyring function in security/keys/process_keys.c in the Linux kernel before 4.4.1 mishandles object references in a certain error case, which allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (integer overflow and use-after-free) via crafted keyctl commands.","ecosystems":["Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::workstation","Red Hat:rhel_extras_rt:7","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Desktop 12","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Desktop 12 SP1","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 12","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP1","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP1","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP1","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 12","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 12 SP1"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":2,"first_seen":"2016-01-19","github_poc":9,"max_poc_stars":22,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[{"date":"2016-01-22T03:52:11Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/nardholio/cve-2016-0728","stars":22,"title":null},{"date":"2016-03-15T04:52:40Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/bittorrent3389/cve-2016-0728","stars":7,"title":"a exploit for cve-2016-0728"},{"date":"2016-01-28T22:38:13Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/neuschaefer/cve-2016-0728-testbed","stars":5,"title":"A testbed for CVE-2016-0728, a refcount leak/overflow bug in Linux"},{"date":"2016-01-20T15:23:52Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/kennetham/cve_2016_0728","stars":3,"title":"CVE-2016-0728 Linux Kernel Vulnerability"},{"date":"2018-12-03T00:15:23Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/sugarvillela/CVE","stars":1,"title":"A collection of code pertaining to CVE-2016-0728 (various authors)"},{"date":"2016-01-19","kind":"exploitdb","ref":"39277","stars":null,"title":"Linux Kernel 4.4.1 - REFCOUNT Overflow Use-After-Free in Keyrings Local Privilege Escalation (1)"},{"date":"2016-01-19","kind":"exploitdb","ref":"40003","stars":null,"title":"Linux Kernel 4.4.1 - REFCOUNT Overflow Use-After-Free in Keyrings Local Privilege Escalation (2)"},{"date":"2016-01-23T09:17:21Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/googleweb/CVE-2016-0728","stars":0,"title":null}],"tier":"poc_unverified"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"Use after free in n/a","id":"CVE-2016-0728","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":"canonical:ubuntu_linux","products":["canonical:ubuntu_linux","debian:debian_linux","google:android","linux:linux_kernel"],"type":"use_after_free","year":"2016"},"n_packages":125,"n_references":42,"next":{"headline":"Memory corruption in n/a","id":"CVE-2016-0729"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-abi-whitelists","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-abi-whitelists","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-debug","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debug","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-debug-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debug-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-debug-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debug-devel","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-devel","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-doc","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-doc","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-headers","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-headers","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-tools","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-tools","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-tools-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-tools-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-tools-libs","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-tools-libs","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-tools-libs-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-tools-libs-devel","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"perf","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/perf","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"perf-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/perf-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-perf","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/python-perf","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-perf-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/python-perf-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-abi-whitelists","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-abi-whitelists","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-debug","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debug","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-debug-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debug-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-debug-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debug-devel","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red 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Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-tools-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-tools-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-tools-libs","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-tools-libs","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-tools-libs-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-tools-libs-devel","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"perf","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/perf","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"perf-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/perf-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-perf","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/python-perf","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-perf-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/python-perf-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-abi-whitelists","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-abi-whitelists","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-bootwrapper","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-bootwrapper","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server","fixed":["0:3.10.0-327.4.5.el7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-debug","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debug","source":"RHSA-2016:0064"}],"prev":{"headline":"Privilege escalation in n/a","id":"CVE-2016-0727"},"products":["n/a"],"published":"2016-02-08","related":[{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"SaltStack Salt Authentication Bypass","id":"CVE-2020-11651","kev_date_added":"2021-11-03","published":"2020-04-30"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"OpenSMTPD Remote Code Execution","id":"CVE-2020-7247","kev_date_added":"2022-03-25","published":"2020-01-29"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Exim Out-of-bounds Write","id":"CVE-2019-16928","kev_date_added":"2022-03-03","published":"2019-09-27"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Exim Buffer Overflow","id":"CVE-2018-6789","kev_date_added":"2021-11-03","published":"2018-02-08"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Oracle Java SE and Java SE Embedded Remote Code Execution","id":"CVE-2015-2590","kev_date_added":"2022-03-03","published":"2015-07-16"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Oracle JRE Remote Code Execution","id":"CVE-2013-0422","kev_date_added":"2022-05-25","published":"2013-01-10"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Oracle Java SE Runtime Environment (JRE) Arbitrary Code Execution","id":"CVE-2011-3544","kev_date_added":"2022-03-03","published":"2011-10-19"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"Red Hat","prefix":"RHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"GPL-2.0-or-later","name":"Exploit-DB"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0","name":"PoC-in-GitHub"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":null,"exploitation":null,"technical_impact":null},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2024-08-05","vendors":["n/a"]},"summary":"Local attackers can exploit a use-after-free flaw in the Linux kernel keyring to gain privileges or cause a denial of service.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2016-0728/"}