{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 1 product.","exploited":"It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2016-1531 exists.","fix":"Upgrade to a fixed version.","what":"CVE-2016-1531 is a high-severity vulnerability in Exim Exim, published on 7 Apr 2016. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2016-1531 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2016-1531 is a high-severity vulnerability in Exim Exim, published on 7 Apr 2016. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2016-1531 exists.\n\nAffected product: Exim Exim. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2016-1531/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2016-1531/index.md)","id":"CVE-2016-1531","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2016-1531/index.md","name":"CVE-2016-1531","record":{"aliases":["DEBIAN-CVE-2016-1531","DSA-3517-1","GHSA-qqgw-xrxj-r5fc","UBUNTU-CVE-2016-1531"],"analysis":{"component_type":"server_software","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["privilege_escalation"],"network_reachable":"adjacent_or_local","non_default_config":true,"product_category":"Exim mail server","requires_auth":"low_privilege","summary":"Local attackers can gain root privileges on Exim mail servers installed with setuid root permissions via the perl_startup argument.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"privilege_escalation"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"certcc","cpe":[{"product":"exim","vendor":"exim"}],"cvss":{"score":7,"severity":"high","source":"nvd","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.0"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-264","name":null}],"description":"Exim before 4.86.2, when installed setuid root, allows local users to gain privileges via the perl_startup argument.","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":3,"first_seen":"2016-03-09","github_poc":1,"max_poc_stars":0,"metasploit":1,"nuclei":0,"refs":[{"date":"2016-03-09","kind":"exploitdb","ref":"39535","stars":null,"title":"Exim 4.84-3 - Local Privilege Escalation"},{"date":"2016-03-10","kind":"exploitdb","ref":"39549","stars":null,"title":"Exim \u003c 4.86.2 - Local Privilege Escalation"},{"date":"2016-03-10","kind":"metasploit","ref":"exploit/unix/local/exim_perl_startup","stars":null,"title":"Exim \"perl_startup\" Privilege Escalation"},{"date":"2016-04-15","kind":"exploitdb","ref":"39702","stars":null,"title":"Exim - 'perl_startup' Local Privilege Escalation (Metasploit)"},{"date":"2023-03-17T14:30:15Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/h3x0v3rl0rd/CVE-2016-1531","stars":0,"title":null}],"tier":"weaponised"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"Privilege escalation in n/a","id":"CVE-2016-1531","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":"exim:exim","products":["exim:exim"],"type":"privilege_escalation","year":"2016"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":10,"next":{"headline":"Memory corruption in n/a","id":"CVE-2016-1541"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"Information disclosure in n/a","id":"CVE-2016-1526"},"products":["n/a"],"published":"2016-04-07","related":[{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Use after free in Exim","id":"CVE-2026-45185","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-05-12"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Exim AUTH Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2023-42115","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2024-05-03"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Integer overflow in n/a","id":"CVE-2020-28017","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2021-05-06"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Use after free in n/a","id":"CVE-2020-28018","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2021-05-06"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Integer overflow in n/a","id":"CVE-2020-28020","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2021-05-06"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Memory corruption in n/a","id":"CVE-2020-28022","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2021-05-06"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Memory corruption in n/a","id":"CVE-2020-28024","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2021-05-06"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"BSD-3-Clause","name":"Metasploit"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"GPL-2.0-or-later","name":"Exploit-DB"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0","name":"PoC-in-GitHub"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":null,"exploitation":null,"technical_impact":null},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2024-08-05","vendors":["n/a"]},"summary":"Local attackers can gain root privileges on Exim mail servers installed with setuid root permissions via the perl_startup argument.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2016-1531/"}