# CVE-2018-11044: Cross-site scripting in Pivotal Application Service

> Authenticated users can inject malicious content into invitation emails, exploiting recipient trust in the sender's identity.

- **Severity:** Medium 6.5 (`CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 24 Jul 2018
- **Updated:** 16 Sep 2024
- **Also known as:** GHSA-gg63-f8cx-66q8

## What is CVE-2018-11044?

CVE-2018-11044 is a medium-severity cross-site scripting vulnerability in Pivotal Application Service, published on 24 Jul 2018. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

Pivotal Apps Manager included in Pivotal Application Service, versions 2.2.x prior to 2.2.1 and 2.1.x prior to 2.1.8 and 2.0.x prior to 2.0.17 and 1.12.x prior to 1.12.26, does not escape all user-provided content when sending invitation emails. A malicious authenticated user can inject content into an invite to another user, exploiting the trust implied by the source of the email.

Weakness: CWE-20 (Improper Input Validation)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2018-11044?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Pivotal Software Pivotal Application Service.

## How do I fix CVE-2018-11044?

No fix has been published for CVE-2018-11044 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2018-11044 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2018-11044 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in Pivotal Application Service

- [CVE-2019-11280](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2019-11280/): Privilege escalation through the invitations service (high 8.8)
- [CVE-2018-11086](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2018-11086/): Privilege escalation in Application Service (high 8.8)
- [CVE-2018-11088](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2018-11088/): Privilege escalation in Application Service (high 8.8)
- [CVE-2018-1278](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2018-1278/): Missing authorization in Pivotal Application Service (medium 6.5)
- [CVE-2018-1200](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2018-1200/): Information disclosure in Apps Manager for PCF (medium 6.5)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2018-11044 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2018-11044 is a medium-severity cross-site scripting vulnerability in Pivotal Application Service, published on 24 Jul 2018. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2018-11044 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: Pivotal Application Service. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2018-11044/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2018-11044/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2018-11044
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11044
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2018-11044

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2018-11044/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.