{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 1 product.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2019-16028 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"No fix has been published for CVE-2019-16028 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.","what":"CVE-2019-16028 is a critical authentication bypass vulnerability in Cisco Secure Firewall Management Center, published on 23 Sep 2020. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2019-16028 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2019-16028 is a critical authentication bypass vulnerability in Cisco Secure Firewall Management Center, published on 23 Sep 2020. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2019-16028 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected product: Cisco Secure Firewall Management Center. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2019-16028/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2019-16028/index.md)","id":"CVE-2019-16028","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2019-16028/index.md","name":"CVE-2019-16028","record":{"aliases":["GHSA-wgx9-9frm-4cgq"],"analysis":{"component_type":"network_device","fix_type":"patch","impacts":["privilege_escalation","code_execution"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Cisco Firepower Management Center","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Unauthenticated attackers can bypass LDAP authentication to gain administrative access and execute arbitrary actions on Cisco Firepower Management Center.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"auth_bypass"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"cisco","cpe":[{"product":"secure_firewall_management_center","vendor":"cisco"}],"cvss":{"score":9.8,"severity":"critical","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.0"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-287","name":"Improper Authentication"}],"description":"A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Firepower Management Center (FMC) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass authentication and execute arbitrary actions with administrative privileges on an affected device. The vulnerability is due to improper handling of Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) authentication responses from an external authentication server. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to gain administrative access to the web-based management interface of the affected device.","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"none_known"},"has_fix":null,"headline":"Cisco Firepower Management Center Lightweight Directory Access Protocol Authentication Bypass Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2019-16028","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":"cisco:secure_firewall_management_center","products":["cisco:secure_firewall_management_center"],"type":"auth_bypass","year":"2019"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":1,"next":{"headline":"Cisco Smart Software Manager On-Prem Web Interface Denial of Service Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2019-16029"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"Cisco IOS XR Software Intermediate System–to–Intermediate System Denial of Service Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2019-16027"},"products":["Cisco Firepower Management Center"],"published":"2020-09-23","related":[{"cvss_score":10,"headline":"Cisco Firewall Management Center Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel","id":"CVE-2026-20079","kev_date_added":"2026-09-09","published":"2026-03-04"},{"cvss_score":10,"headline":"Cisco Secure Firewall Management Center (FMC) Software and Cisco Security Cloud Control (SCC) Firewall Management Deserialization of Untrusted Data","id":"CVE-2026-20131","kev_date_added":"2026-03-19","published":"2026-03-04"},{"cvss_score":5.3,"headline":"Cisco Secure Firewall Management Center Use of Hard-coded Password","id":"CVE-2026-20316","kev_date_added":"2026-07-29","published":"2026-07-29"},{"cvss_score":10,"headline":"Cisco Secure Firewall Management Center Software Radius Remote Code Execution Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2025-20265","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2025-08-14"},{"cvss_score":9.9,"headline":"Command injection in Cisco Firepower Management Center","id":"CVE-2024-20424","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2024-10-23"},{"cvss_score":9.9,"headline":"Missing authorization in Cisco Firepower Management Center","id":"CVE-2023-20048","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2023-11-01"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"yes","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2024-11-13","vendors":["Cisco"]},"summary":"Unauthenticated attackers can bypass LDAP authentication to gain administrative access and execute arbitrary actions on Cisco Firepower Management Center.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2019-16028/"}