{"answers":{"affected":"4 open source packages ship an affected version, including org.apache.dubbo:dubbo and com.alibaba:dubbo. It affects 1 product.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2021-25641 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Upgrade org.apache.dubbo:dubbo to 2.7.8 or later.","what":"CVE-2021-25641 is a critical unsafe deserialization vulnerability in Apache Dubbo, published on 29 May 2021. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2021-25641 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2021-25641 is a critical unsafe deserialization vulnerability in Apache Dubbo, published on 29 May 2021. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2021-25641 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected packages and fixed versions:\n- org.apache.dubbo:dubbo (Maven): affected from 2.5.0; fixed in 2.7.8\n- org.apache.dubbo:dubbo (Maven): affected from 2.5.0; fixed in 2.7.8\n- com.alibaba:dubbo (Maven): affected from 2.5.0; fixed in 2.6.9\n- com.alibaba:dubbo (Maven): affected from 2.5.0; fixed in 2.6.9\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-25641/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-25641/index.md)","id":"CVE-2021-25641","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-25641/index.md","name":"CVE-2021-25641","record":{"aliases":["GHSA-v2rg-8cwr-75g8"],"analysis":{"component_type":"library","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["code_execution"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":true,"product_category":"Java RPC framework","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Remote attackers can force the use of unsafe deserializers like Kryo or FST to achieve code execution if these libraries are present in the classpath.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"deserialization"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"apache","cpe":[{"product":"dubbo","vendor":"apache"}],"cvss":{"score":9.8,"severity":"critical","source":"nvd","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-502","name":"Deserialization of Untrusted Data"}],"description":"Each Apache Dubbo server will set a serialization id to tell the clients which serialization protocol it is working on. But for Dubbo versions before 2.7.8 or 2.6.9, an attacker can choose which serialization id the Provider will use by tampering with the byte preamble flags, aka, not following the server's instruction. This means that if a weak deserializer such as the Kryo and FST are somehow in code scope (e.g. if Kryo is somehow a part of a dependency), a remote unauthenticated attacker can tell the Provider to use the weak deserializer, and then proceed to exploit it.","ecosystems":["Maven"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":"2021-06-06","github_poc":2,"max_poc_stars":53,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[{"date":"2021-06-06T06:41:36Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/Dor-Tumarkin/CVE-2021-25641-Proof-of-Concept","stars":53,"title":"Apache/Alibaba Dubbo \u003c= 2.7.3 PoC Code for CVE-2021-25641 RCE via Deserialization of Untrusted Data; Affects Versions \u003c= 2.7.6 With Different Gadgets"},{"date":"2022-11-10T06:33:54Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/l0n3rs/CVE-2021-25641","stars":4,"title":"A Exploit Tool For CVE-2021-25641."}],"tier":"poc_unverified"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"Dubbo Zookeeper does not check serialization id","id":"CVE-2021-25641","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":"Maven","product":null,"products":[],"type":"deserialization","year":"2021"},"n_packages":4,"n_references":1,"next":{"headline":"Apache Hadoop YARN remote code execution in ZKConfigurationStore of capacity scheduler","id":"CVE-2021-25642"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"Maven","fixed":["2.6.9"],"introduced":["2.5.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"com.alibaba:dubbo","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-v2rg-8cwr-75g8"},{"ecosystem":"Maven","fixed":["2.6.9"],"introduced":["2.5.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"com.alibaba:dubbo","purl":"pkg:maven/com.alibaba/dubbo","source":"GHSA-v2rg-8cwr-75g8"},{"ecosystem":"Maven","fixed":["2.7.8"],"introduced":["2.5.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"org.apache.dubbo:dubbo","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-v2rg-8cwr-75g8"},{"ecosystem":"Maven","fixed":["2.7.8"],"introduced":["2.5.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"org.apache.dubbo:dubbo","purl":"pkg:maven/org.apache.dubbo/dubbo","source":"GHSA-v2rg-8cwr-75g8"}],"prev":{"headline":"Open Redirect or SSRF vulnerability usage of parseURL","id":"CVE-2021-25640"},"products":["Apache Dubbo"],"published":"2021-05-29","related":[{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Bypass serialize checks in Apache Dubbo","id":"CVE-2023-29234","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2023-12-15"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Apache Dubbo: Bypass deny serialize list check in Apache Dubbo","id":"CVE-2023-46279","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2023-12-15"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Regular expression Denial of Service in MooTools","id":"CVE-2021-32824","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2023-01-03"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Apache Dubbo Hession Deserialization Vulnerability Gadgets Bypass","id":"CVE-2022-39198","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2022-10-18"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Dubbo Hessian cause RCE when parse error","id":"CVE-2021-43297","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2022-01-10"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Unprotected input value toString cause RCE","id":"CVE-2021-36161","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2021-09-09"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Bypass deserialization checks in Apache Dubbo","id":"CVE-2021-37579","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2021-09-09"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"GitHub Advisory Database","prefix":"GHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0","name":"PoC-in-GitHub"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":null,"exploitation":null,"technical_impact":null},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2024-08-03","vendors":["Apache Software Foundation"]},"summary":"Remote attackers can force the use of unsafe deserializers like Kryo or FST to achieve code execution if these libraries are present in the classpath.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-25641/"}