{"answers":{"affected":"3 open source packages ship an affected version, including pygments and Pygments. It affects 3 products.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2021-27291 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Upgrade pygments to 2.7.4 or later.","what":"CVE-2021-27291 is a high-severity denial of service vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 17 Mar 2021. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2021-27291 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2021-27291 is a high-severity denial of service vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 17 Mar 2021. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2021-27291 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected packages and fixed versions:\n- pygments (PyPI): affected from 1.1; fixed in 2.7.4\n- pygments (PyPI): affected from 1.1; fixed in 2.7.4\n- Pygments (PyPI): affected from 1.1; fixed in 2.7.4\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-27291/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-27291/index.md)","id":"CVE-2021-27291","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-27291/index.md","name":"CVE-2021-27291","record":{"aliases":["ALPINE-CVE-2021-27291","AZL-35138","AZL-6812","DEBIAN-CVE-2021-27291","DLA-2600-1","DSA-4878-1","GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8","MGASA-2021-0245","MINI-cwpv-qv63-x845","PYSEC-2021-141","SUSE-SU-2021:3814-1","SUSE-SU-2021:3839-1","SUSE-SU-2021:3840-1","SUSE-SU-2021:3841-1","UBUNTU-CVE-2021-27291","USN-4897-1","openSUSE-SU-2021:1521-1","openSUSE-SU-2021:3839-1","openSUSE-SU-2021:3841-1"],"analysis":{"component_type":"library","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["denial_of_service"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Python syntax highlighting library","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Attackers can cause denial of service in Pygments by submitting malicious input that triggers exponential complexity in regular expressions.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"denial_of_service"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"mitre","cpe":[{"product":"debian_linux","vendor":"debian"},{"product":"fedora","vendor":"fedoraproject"},{"product":"pygments","vendor":"pygments"}],"cvss":{"score":7.5,"severity":"high","source":"nvd","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-1333","name":"Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity"}],"description":"In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.","ecosystems":["PyPI","SUSE:Enterprise Storage 6","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-ESPOS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15-ESPOS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP2","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP3","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP2","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP3","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 12","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-BCL","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP1","openSUSE:Leap 15.2","openSUSE:Leap 15.3"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"none_known"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)","id":"CVE-2021-27291","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":"PyPI","product":"debian:debian_linux","products":["debian:debian_linux","fedoraproject:fedora"],"type":"denial_of_service","year":"2021"},"n_packages":21,"n_references":9,"next":{"headline":"Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) in ua-parser-js","id":"CVE-2021-27292"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"PyPI","fixed":["2.7.4"],"introduced":["1.1"],"last_affected":[],"package":"Pygments","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8"},{"ecosystem":"PyPI","fixed":["2.7.4"],"introduced":["1.1"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pygments","purl":"pkg:pypi/pygments","source":"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8"},{"ecosystem":"PyPI","fixed":["2.7.4"],"introduced":["1.1"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pygments","purl":"pkg:pypi/pygments","source":"PYSEC-2021-141"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Enterprise Storage 6","fixed":["2.6.1-7.10.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-Pygments","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/python-Pygments\u0026distro=SUSE%20Enterprise%20Storage%206","source":"SUSE-SU-2021:3840-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-ESPOS","fixed":["2.6.1-7.10.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-Pygments","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/python-Pygments\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20High%20Performance%20Computing%2015%20SP1-ESPOS","source":"SUSE-SU-2021:3840-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-LTSS","fixed":["2.6.1-7.10.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-Pygments","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/python-Pygments\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20High%20Performance%20Computing%2015%20SP1-LTSS","source":"SUSE-SU-2021:3840-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15-ESPOS","fixed":["2.2.0-4.9.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-Pygments","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/python-Pygments\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20High%20Performance%20Computing%2015-ESPOS","source":"SUSE-SU-2021:3841-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15-LTSS","fixed":["2.2.0-4.9.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-Pygments","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/python-Pygments\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20High%20Performance%20Computing%2015-LTSS","source":"SUSE-SU-2021:3841-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP2","fixed":["2.6.1-7.10.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-Pygments","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/python-Pygments\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20Module%20for%20Basesystem%2015%20SP2","source":"SUSE-SU-2021:3840-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP3","fixed":["2.6.1-4.3.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-Pygments","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/python-Pygments\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20Module%20for%20Basesystem%2015%20SP3","source":"SUSE-SU-2021:3839-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP2","fixed":["2.2.0-4.9.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-Pygments","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/python-Pygments\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20Module%20for%20Package%20Hub%2015%20SP2","source":"SUSE-SU-2021:3841-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP3","fixed":["2.2.0-4.9.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-Pygments","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/python-Pygments\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20Module%20for%20Package%20Hub%2015%20SP3","source":"SUSE-SU-2021:3841-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 12","fixed":["2.4.2-10.7.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-Pygments","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/python-Pygments\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20Module%20for%20Public%20Cloud%2012","source":"SUSE-SU-2021:3814-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-BCL","fixed":["2.6.1-7.10.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-Pygments","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/python-Pygments\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20Server%2015%20SP1-BCL","source":"SUSE-SU-2021:3840-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-LTSS","fixed":["2.6.1-7.10.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-Pygments","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/python-Pygments\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20Server%2015%20SP1-LTSS","source":"SUSE-SU-2021:3840-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15-LTSS","fixed":["2.2.0-4.9.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-Pygments","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/python-Pygments\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20Server%2015-LTSS","source":"SUSE-SU-2021:3841-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15","fixed":["2.2.0-4.9.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-Pygments","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/python-Pygments\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20Server%20for%20SAP%20Applications%2015","source":"SUSE-SU-2021:3841-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP1","fixed":["2.6.1-7.10.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-Pygments","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/python-Pygments\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20Server%20for%20SAP%20Applications%2015%20SP1","source":"SUSE-SU-2021:3840-1"},{"ecosystem":"openSUSE:Leap 15.2","fixed":["2.6.1-lp152.5.12.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-Pygments","purl":"pkg:rpm/opensuse/python-Pygments\u0026distro=openSUSE%20Leap%2015.2","source":"openSUSE-SU-2021:1521-1"},{"ecosystem":"openSUSE:Leap 15.3","fixed":["2.2.0-4.9.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-Pygments","purl":"pkg:rpm/opensuse/python-Pygments\u0026distro=openSUSE%20Leap%2015.3","source":"openSUSE-SU-2021:3841-1"},{"ecosystem":"openSUSE:Leap 15.3","fixed":["2.6.1-4.3.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python-Pygments","purl":"pkg:rpm/opensuse/python-Pygments\u0026distro=openSUSE%20Leap%2015.3","source":"openSUSE-SU-2021:3839-1"}],"prev":{"headline":"Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)","id":"CVE-2021-27290"},"products":["n/a"],"published":"2021-03-17","related":[{"cvss_score":10,"headline":"ProFTPD Improper Access Control","id":"CVE-2015-3306","kev_date_added":"2026-10-08","published":"2015-05-18"},{"cvss_score":9.9,"headline":"RoundCube Webmail Deserialization of Untrusted Data","id":"CVE-2025-49113","kev_date_added":"2026-02-20","published":"2025-06-02"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"GNU InetUtils Argument Injection","id":"CVE-2026-24061","kev_date_added":"2026-01-26","published":"2026-01-21"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions","id":"CVE-2025-39682","kev_date_added":"2026-09-18","published":"2025-09-05"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Mozilla Firefox Use-After-Free","id":"CVE-2024-9680","kev_date_added":"2024-10-15","published":"2024-10-09"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"RARLAB UnRAR Directory Traversal","id":"CVE-2022-30333","kev_date_added":"2022-08-09","published":"2022-05-09"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Roundcube Webmail SQL Injection","id":"CVE-2021-44026","kev_date_added":"2023-06-22","published":"2021-11-19"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"GitHub Advisory Database","prefix":"GHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"PyPA Advisory Database","prefix":"PYSEC"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"SUSE","prefix":"SUSE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"SUSE","prefix":"openSUSE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":null,"exploitation":null,"technical_impact":null},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2024-08-03","vendors":["n/a"]},"summary":"Attackers can cause denial of service in Pygments by submitting malicious input that triggers exponential complexity in regular expressions.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-27291/"}