{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 1 product.","exploited":"It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2021-28481 exists.","fix":"No fix has been published for CVE-2021-28481 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.","what":"CVE-2021-28481 is a critical code injection vulnerability in Microsoft Exchange Server, published on 13 Apr 2021. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2021-28481 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2021-28481 is a critical code injection vulnerability in Microsoft Exchange Server, published on 13 Apr 2021. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2021-28481 exists.\n\nAffected product: Microsoft Exchange Server. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-28481/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-28481/index.md)","id":"CVE-2021-28481","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-28481/index.md","name":"CVE-2021-28481","record":{"aliases":["GHSA-hj49-fxwm-2v87"],"analysis":{"component_type":"server_software","fix_type":"patch","impacts":["code_execution"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Microsoft Exchange Server","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Attackers can execute arbitrary code on Microsoft Exchange Server, requiring immediate patching by system administrators.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"code_injection"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"microsoft","cpe":[{"product":"exchange_server","vendor":"microsoft"}],"cvss":{"score":9.8,"severity":"critical","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[],"description":"Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":1,"refs":[{"date":null,"kind":"nuclei","ref":"http/cves/2021/CVE-2021-28481.yaml","stars":null,"title":"Microsoft Exchange - Pre-Auth SSRF / ACL Bypass (ProxyNotFound)"}],"tier":"weaponised"},"has_fix":null,"headline":"Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2021-28481","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":"microsoft:exchange_server","products":["microsoft:exchange_server"],"type":"code_injection","year":"2021"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":1,"next":{"headline":"Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2021-28482"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2021-28480"},"products":["Microsoft Exchange Server 2013 Cumulative Update 23","Microsoft Exchange Server 2016 Cumulative Update 19","Microsoft Exchange Server 2016 Cumulative Update 20","Microsoft Exchange Server 2019 Cumulative Update 8","Microsoft Exchange Server 2019 Cumulative Update 9"],"published":"2021-04-13","related":[{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Microsoft Exchange Server Privilege Escalation","id":"CVE-2024-21410","kev_date_added":"2024-02-15","published":"2024-02-13"},{"cvss_score":9.1,"headline":"Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution","id":"CVE-2021-34473","kev_date_added":"2021-11-03","published":"2021-07-14"},{"cvss_score":9.1,"headline":"Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution","id":"CVE-2021-26855","kev_date_added":"2021-11-03","published":"2021-03-02"},{"cvss_score":9,"headline":"Microsoft Exchange Server Privilege Escalation","id":"CVE-2021-34523","kev_date_added":"2021-11-03","published":"2021-07-14"},{"cvss_score":8.8,"headline":"Microsoft Exchange Server Deserialization of Untrusted Data","id":"CVE-2023-21529","kev_date_added":"2026-04-13","published":"2023-02-14"},{"cvss_score":8.8,"headline":"Microsoft Exchange Server Privilege Escalation","id":"CVE-2022-41080","kev_date_added":"2023-01-10","published":"2022-11-09"},{"cvss_score":8.8,"headline":"Microsoft Exchange Server Server-Side Request Forgery","id":"CVE-2022-41040","kev_date_added":"2022-09-30","published":"2022-10-03"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"MIT","name":"Nuclei templates"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":null,"exploitation":null,"technical_impact":null},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2024-08-03","vendors":["Microsoft"]},"summary":"Attackers can execute arbitrary code on Microsoft Exchange Server, requiring immediate patching by system administrators.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-28481/"}