{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 3 products.","exploited":"Yes. Attackers have exploited CVE-2021-28663 in the wild since at least 3 Nov 2021.","fix":"Apply the vendor's patch. US federal agencies must fix it by 17 Nov 2021.","what":"CVE-2021-28663 is a high-severity use after free vulnerability in Arm Valhall Gpu Kernel Driver, published on 10 May 2021. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2021-28663 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2021-28663 is a high-severity use after free vulnerability in Arm Valhall Gpu Kernel Driver, published on 10 May 2021. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: Yes. Attackers have exploited CVE-2021-28663 in the wild since at least 3 Nov 2021.\n\nAffected product: Arm Valhall Gpu Kernel Driver. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-28663/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-28663/index.md)","id":"CVE-2021-28663","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-28663/index.md","name":"CVE-2021-28663","record":{"aliases":["A-174259860","ASB-A-174259860","GHSA-2rc2-892p-6hc2"],"analysis":{"component_type":"operating_system","fix_type":"patch","impacts":["privilege_escalation","data_read"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Android GPU driver","requires_auth":"low_privilege","summary":"Attackers can exploit a use-after-free in the Arm Mali GPU kernel driver to escalate privileges or disclose information on Android devices.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"use_after_free"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"mitre","cpe":[{"product":"bifrost_gpu_kernel_driver","vendor":"arm"},{"product":"midgard_gpu_kernel_driver","vendor":"arm"},{"product":"valhall_gpu_kernel_driver","vendor":"arm"}],"cvss":{"score":8.8,"severity":"high","source":"cisa-adp","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-416","name":"Use After Free"}],"description":"The Arm Mali GPU kernel driver allows privilege escalation or information disclosure because GPU memory operations are mishandled, leading to a use-after-free. This affects Bifrost r0p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, Valhall r19p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, and Midgard r4p0 through r30p0.","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":"2021-09-01","github_poc":1,"max_poc_stars":128,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[{"date":"2021-09-01T22:59:29Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/lntrx/CVE-2021-28663","stars":128,"title":"A basic PoC leak for CVE-2021-28663 (Internal of the Android kernel backdoor vulnerability)"}],"tier":"exploited"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"Arm Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) Use-After-Free","id":"CVE-2021-28663","indexable":true,"kev":{"dateAdded":"2021-11-03","dueDate":"2021-11-17","knownRansomwareCampaignUse":"Unknown","product":"Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)","requiredAction":"Apply updates per vendor instructions.","vendorProject":"Arm","vulnerabilityName":"Arm Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) Use-After-Free Vulnerability"},"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":"arm:valhall_gpu_kernel_driver","products":["arm:valhall_gpu_kernel_driver"],"type":"use_after_free","year":"2021"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":3,"next":{"headline":"Arm Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) Unspecified","id":"CVE-2021-28664"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"Denial of service in n/a","id":"CVE-2021-28662"},"products":["n/a"],"published":"2021-05-10","related":[{"cvss_score":8.8,"headline":"Arm Mali GPU Kernel Driver Use-After-Free","id":"CVE-2022-38181","kev_date_added":"2023-03-30","published":"2022-10-25"},{"cvss_score":8.8,"headline":"Arm Mali GPU Kernel Driver Use-After-Free","id":"CVE-2021-29256","kev_date_added":"2023-07-07","published":"2021-05-24"},{"cvss_score":8.8,"headline":"Arm Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) Unspecified","id":"CVE-2021-28664","kev_date_added":"2021-11-03","published":"2021-05-10"},{"cvss_score":7.8,"headline":"Arm Mali GPU Kernel Driver Unspecified","id":"CVE-2022-22706","kev_date_added":"2023-03-30","published":"2022-03-03"},{"cvss_score":7.4,"headline":"Arm Mali GPU Kernel Driver Use-After-Free","id":"CVE-2024-4610","kev_date_added":"2024-06-12","published":"2024-06-07"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Use after free in n/a","id":"CVE-2022-28348","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2022-05-19"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0 1.0","name":"CISA KEV"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0","name":"PoC-in-GitHub"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"no","exploitation":"active","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2025-10-21","vendors":["n/a"]},"summary":"Attackers can exploit a use-after-free in the Arm Mali GPU kernel driver to escalate privileges or disclose information on Android devices.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-28663/"}