# CVE-2022-23591: Stack overflow in Tensorflow > Attackers can cause a stack overflow and denial of service by loading a maliciously crafted SavedModel with self-recursive functions in TensorFlow. - **Severity:** High 7.5 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H`) - **Exploited in the wild:** Not known - **Login needed:** Not needed - **Attackable:** Over the internet - **Victim action needed:** Not needed - **Fix available:** Yes - **Published:** 4 Feb 2022 - **Updated:** 23 Apr 2025 - **Also known as:** BIT-tensorflow-2022-23591, GHSA-247x-2f9f-5wp7, PYSEC-2022-100, PYSEC-2022-155, PYSEC-2026-3084 ## What is CVE-2022-23591? CVE-2022-23591 is a high-severity denial of service vulnerability in Google Tensorflow, published on 4 Feb 2022. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim. ### Official description Tensorflow is an Open Source Machine Learning Framework. The `GraphDef` format in TensorFlow does not allow self recursive functions. The runtime assumes that this invariant is satisfied. However, a `GraphDef` containing a fragment such as the following can be consumed when loading a `SavedModel`. This would result in a stack overflow during execution as resolving each `NodeDef` means resolving the function itself and its nodes. The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.8.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.7.1, TensorFlow 2.6.3, and TensorFlow 2.5.3, as these are also affected and still in supported range. Weakness: CWE-674 (Uncontrolled Recursion), CWE-400 (Uncontrolled Resource Consumption) ## Which versions are affected by CVE-2022-23591? 22 open source packages ship an affected version, including tensorflow, tensorflow-cpu and tensorflow-gpu. It affects 1 product. | Package | Ecosystem | Affected | Fixed in | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | `tensorflow` | Bitnami | All versions | 2.5.3, 2.6.3, 2.7.1 | | `tensorflow` | PyPI | All versions | 2.5.3, 2.6.3, 2.7.1 | | `tensorflow` | PyPI | All versions | 2.5.3 | | `tensorflow` | PyPI | All versions | 2.5.3 | | `tensorflow` | PyPI | From 2.6.0 | 2.6.3 | | `tensorflow` | PyPI | From 2.6.0 | 2.6.3 | | `tensorflow` | PyPI | From 2.7.0 | 2.7.1 | | `tensorflow` | PyPI | From 2.7.0 | 2.7.1 | | `tensorflow-cpu` | PyPI | All versions | 2.5.3, 2.6.3 | | `tensorflow-cpu` | PyPI | All versions | 2.5.3 | | `tensorflow-cpu` | PyPI | All versions | 2.5.3 | | `tensorflow-cpu` | PyPI | From 2.6.0 | 2.6.3 | | `tensorflow-cpu` | PyPI | From 2.6.0 | 2.6.3 | | `tensorflow-cpu` | PyPI | From 2.7.0 | 2.7.1 | | `tensorflow-cpu` | PyPI | From 2.7.0 | 2.7.1 | | `tensorflow-gpu` | PyPI | All versions | 2.5.3, 2.6.3 | | `tensorflow-gpu` | PyPI | All versions | 2.5.3 | | `tensorflow-gpu` | PyPI | All versions | 2.5.3 | | `tensorflow-gpu` | PyPI | From 2.6.0 | 2.6.3 | | `tensorflow-gpu` | PyPI | From 2.6.0 | 2.6.3 | | `tensorflow-gpu` | PyPI | From 2.7.0 | 2.7.1 | | `tensorflow-gpu` | PyPI | From 2.7.0 | 2.7.1 | Products: Google Tensorflow. ## How do I fix CVE-2022-23591? Upgrade tensorflow to a fixed version for your release line: 2.5.3, 2.6.3 or 2.7.1. ## Is CVE-2022-23591 being exploited? There is no known exploitation of CVE-2022-23591 in the wild and no public exploit code. ## Other vulnerabilities in Google Tensorflow - [CVE-2023-25668](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-25668/): TensorFlow vulnerable to heap out-of-buffer read in the QuantizeAndDequantize operation (critical 9.8) - [CVE-2018-7575](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2018-7575/): Integer Overflow or Wraparound in Google TensorFlow (critical 9.8) - [CVE-2021-37678](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-37678/): Arbitrary code execution due to YAML deserialization (critical 9.3) - [CVE-2021-35958](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-35958/): Path traversal in n/a (critical 9.1) - [CVE-2020-15202](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2020-15202/): Integer truncation in Shard API usage (critical 9.0) ## Fix prompt for AI coding agents ```text Check this codebase for CVE-2022-23591 and fix it if it is affected. What it is: CVE-2022-23591 is a high-severity denial of service vulnerability in Google Tensorflow, published on 4 Feb 2022. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim. Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2022-23591 in the wild and no public exploit code. Affected packages and fixed versions: - tensorflow (Bitnami): affected all versions; fixed in 2.5.3, 2.6.3, 2.7.1 - tensorflow (PyPI): affected all versions; fixed in 2.5.3, 2.6.3, 2.7.1 - tensorflow (PyPI): affected all versions; fixed in 2.5.3 - tensorflow (PyPI): affected all versions; fixed in 2.5.3 - tensorflow (PyPI): affected from 2.6.0; fixed in 2.6.3 - tensorflow (PyPI): affected from 2.6.0; fixed in 2.6.3 - tensorflow (PyPI): affected from 2.7.0; fixed in 2.7.1 - tensorflow (PyPI): affected from 2.7.0; fixed in 2.7.1 - tensorflow-cpu (PyPI): affected all versions; fixed in 2.5.3, 2.6.3 - tensorflow-cpu (PyPI): affected all versions; fixed in 2.5.3 - tensorflow-cpu (PyPI): affected all versions; fixed in 2.5.3 - tensorflow-cpu (PyPI): affected from 2.6.0; fixed in 2.6.3 Task: 1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies. 2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it. 3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead. 4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why. 5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing. Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-23591/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-23591/index.md) ``` ## Sources - CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-23591 - NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23591 - OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2022-23591 --- From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-23591/ Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.