# CVE-2022-30525: Zyxel Multiple Firewalls OS Command Injection

> Attackers can execute OS commands on Zyxel USG, ATP, and VPN devices by modifying specific files in the CGI program.

- **Severity:** Critical 9.8 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Yes, since 16 May 2022 (CISA KEV)
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 12 May 2022
- **Updated:** 21 Oct 2025
- **Also known as:** GHSA-987m-9prq-3p7m

## What is CVE-2022-30525?

CVE-2022-30525 is a critical command injection vulnerability in Zyxel ATP series firmware, published on 12 May 2022. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

A OS command injection vulnerability in the CGI program of Zyxel USG FLEX 100(W) firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 200 firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 500 firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 700 firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 50(W) firmware versions 5.10 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG20(W)-VPN firmware versions 5.10 through 5.21 Patch 1, ATP series firmware versions 5.10 through 5.21 Patch 1, VPN series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.21 Patch 1, which could allow an attacker to modify specific files and then execute some OS commands on a vulnerable device.

Weakness: CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2022-30525?

It affects 16 products.


Products: Zyxel Atp100 Firmware, Zyxel Atp100w Firmware, Zyxel Atp200 Firmware, Zyxel Atp500 Firmware, Zyxel Atp700 Firmware, Zyxel Atp800 Firmware, Zyxel Usg20w-Vpn Firmware, Zyxel Usg Flex 100w Firmware, Zyxel Usg Flex 200 Firmware, Zyxel Usg Flex 500 Firmware, Zyxel Usg Flex 50w Firmware, Zyxel Usg Flex 700 Firmware, Zyxel Vpn1000 Firmware, Zyxel Vpn100 Firmware, Zyxel Vpn300 Firmware, Zyxel Vpn50 Firmware.

## How do I fix CVE-2022-30525?

No fix has been published for CVE-2022-30525 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available. US federal agencies must fix it by 6 Jun 2022.

## Is CVE-2022-30525 being exploited?

Yes. Attackers have exploited CVE-2022-30525 in the wild since at least 16 May 2022.

Public exploit code:

- Zyxel 防火墙远程命令注入漏洞（CVE-2022-30525）批量检测脚本 (github_poc): https://github.com/shuai06/CVE-2022-30525
- Proof of concept exploit for CVE-2022-30525 (Zxyel firewall command injection) (github_poc): https://github.com/jbaines-r7/victorian_machinery
- Zyxel 防火墙远程命令注入漏洞（CVE-2022-30525） (github_poc): https://github.com/Henry4E36/CVE-2022-30525
- CVE-2022-30525 Zyxel 防火墙命令注入漏洞 POC&EXPC  (github_poc): https://github.com/west9b/CVE-2022-30525
- Zyxel 防火墙未经身份验证的远程命令注入 (github_poc): https://github.com/savior-only/CVE-2022-30525
- CVE-2022-30525（Zxyel 防火墙命令注入）的概念证明漏洞利用 (github_poc): https://github.com/k0sf/CVE-2022-30525

## Other vulnerabilities in Zyxel ATP series firmware

- [CVE-2023-33009](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-33009/): Zyxel Multiple Firewalls Buffer Overflow (critical 9.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2023-33010](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-33010/): Zyxel Multiple Firewalls Buffer Overflow (critical 9.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2023-28771](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28771/): Zyxel Multiple Firewalls OS Command Injection (critical 9.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2020-29583](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2020-29583/): Zyxel Multiple Products Use of Hard-Coded Credentials (critical 9.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2020-9054](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2020-9054/): Zyxel Multiple NAS Devices OS Command Injection (critical 9.8, exploited in the wild)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2022-30525 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2022-30525 is a critical command injection vulnerability in Zyxel ATP series firmware, published on 12 May 2022. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: Yes. Attackers have exploited CVE-2022-30525 in the wild since at least 16 May 2022.

Affected product: Zyxel ATP series firmware. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-30525/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-30525/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-30525
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30525
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2022-30525

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From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-30525/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.