{"answers":{"affected":"4 open source packages ship an affected version, including sinatra. It affects 2 products.","exploited":"It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2022-45442 exists.","fix":"Upgrade sinatra to a fixed version for your release line: 2.2.3 or 3.0.4.","what":"CVE-2022-45442 is a high-severity vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 28 Nov 2022. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2022-45442 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2022-45442 is a high-severity vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 28 Nov 2022. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.\nExploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2022-45442 exists.\n\nAffected packages and fixed versions:\n- sinatra (RubyGems): affected from 2.0.0; fixed in 2.2.3\n- sinatra (RubyGems): affected from 2.0.0; fixed in 2.2.3\n- sinatra (RubyGems): affected from 3.0; fixed in 3.0.4\n- sinatra (RubyGems): affected from 3.0; fixed in 3.0.4\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-45442/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-45442/index.md)","id":"CVE-2022-45442","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-45442/index.md","name":"CVE-2022-45442","record":{"aliases":["ALSA-2023:0855","ALSA-2023:0974","DEBIAN-CVE-2022-45442","DLA-3264-1","GHSA-2x8x-jmrp-phxw","MGASA-2023-0029","OESA-2024-2474","OESA-2024-2475","OESA-2024-2476","OESA-2024-2477","OESA-2024-2490","RHSA-2023:0393","RHSA-2023:0427","RHSA-2023:0506","RHSA-2023:0527","RHSA-2023:0855","RHSA-2023:0857","RHSA-2023:0974","RLSA-2023:0855","UBUNTU-CVE-2022-45442"],"analysis":{"component_type":"library","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["code_execution","security_bypass"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Ruby web framework","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Attackers can exploit reflected file download vulnerabilities in Sinatra to execute malicious code or bypass security controls via crafted filenames.","user_interaction":"required","vuln_class":"other"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"GitHub_M","cpe":[{"product":"debian_linux","vendor":"debian"},{"product":"sinatra","vendor":"sinatrarb"}],"cvss":{"score":8.8,"severity":"high","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-494","name":"Download of Code Without Integrity Check"}],"description":"Sinatra is a domain-specific language for creating web applications in Ruby. An issue was discovered in Sinatra 2.0 before 2.2.3 and 3.0 before 3.0.4. An application is vulnerable to a reflected file download (RFD) attack that sets the Content-Disposition header of a response when the filename is derived from user-supplied input. Version 2.2.3 and 3.0.4 contain patches for this issue.","ecosystems":["AlmaLinux:8","AlmaLinux:9","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::highavailability","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::resilientstorage","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::highavailability","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::resilientstorage","Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.1::highavailability","Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.2::highavailability","Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.4::highavailability","Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.4::resilientstorage","Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.6::highavailability","Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.6::resilientstorage","Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::highavailability","Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::resilientstorage","Red Hat:rhel_tus:8.2::highavailability","Rocky Linux:8","RubyGems"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":"2026-06-30","github_poc":1,"max_poc_stars":0,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[{"date":"2026-06-30T22:11:51Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/boost-legal/refile","stars":0,"title":"Private fork of refile/refile (pinned at c4ac577c) with sinatra ceiling raised to \u003c 4.0 for CVE-2022-45442. See sc-47428."}],"tier":"weaponised"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"Sinatra vulnerable to Reflected File Download attack","id":"CVE-2022-45442","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","product":"debian:debian_linux","products":["debian:debian_linux"],"type":"other","year":"2022"},"n_packages":35,"n_references":5,"next":{"headline":"CVE-2022-45444","id":"CVE-2022-45444"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","fixed":["2.2.3"],"introduced":["2.0.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"sinatra","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-2x8x-jmrp-phxw"},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","fixed":["2.2.3"],"introduced":["2.0.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"sinatra","purl":"pkg:gem/sinatra","source":"GHSA-2x8x-jmrp-phxw"},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","fixed":["3.0.4"],"introduced":["3.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"sinatra","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-2x8x-jmrp-phxw"},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","fixed":["3.0.4"],"introduced":["3.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"sinatra","purl":"pkg:gem/sinatra","source":"GHSA-2x8x-jmrp-phxw"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["0.10.14-5.el8_7.2.alma"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/pcs","source":"ALSA-2023:0855"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["0.10.14-5.el8_7.2.alma"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs-snmp","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/pcs-snmp","source":"ALSA-2023:0855"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["0.11.3-4.el9_1.2"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/pcs","source":"ALSA-2023:0974"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["0.11.3-4.el9_1.2"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs-snmp","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/pcs-snmp","source":"ALSA-2023:0974"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::highavailability","fixed":["0:0.10.14-5.el8_7.2"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs","source":"RHSA-2023:0855"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::highavailability","fixed":["0:0.10.14-5.el8_7.2"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs-snmp","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs-snmp","source":"RHSA-2023:0855"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::resilientstorage","fixed":["0:0.10.14-5.el8_7.2"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs","source":"RHSA-2023:0855"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::resilientstorage","fixed":["0:0.10.14-5.el8_7.2"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs-snmp","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs-snmp","source":"RHSA-2023:0855"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::highavailability","fixed":["0:0.11.3-4.el9_1.2"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs","source":"RHSA-2023:0974"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::highavailability","fixed":["0:0.11.3-4.el9_1.2"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs-snmp","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs-snmp","source":"RHSA-2023:0974"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::resilientstorage","fixed":["0:0.11.3-4.el9_1.2"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs","source":"RHSA-2023:0974"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::resilientstorage","fixed":["0:0.11.3-4.el9_1.2"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs-snmp","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs-snmp","source":"RHSA-2023:0974"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.1::highavailability","fixed":["0:0.10.2-4.el8_1.3"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs","source":"RHSA-2023:0857"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.1::highavailability","fixed":["0:0.10.2-4.el8_1.3"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs-snmp","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs-snmp","source":"RHSA-2023:0857"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.2::highavailability","fixed":["0:0.10.4-6.el8_2.4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs","source":"RHSA-2023:0393"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.2::highavailability","fixed":["0:0.10.4-6.el8_2.4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs-snmp","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs-snmp","source":"RHSA-2023:0393"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.4::highavailability","fixed":["0:0.10.8-1.el8_4.3"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs","source":"RHSA-2023:0506"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.4::highavailability","fixed":["0:0.10.8-1.el8_4.3"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs-snmp","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs-snmp","source":"RHSA-2023:0506"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.4::resilientstorage","fixed":["0:0.10.8-1.el8_4.3"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs","source":"RHSA-2023:0506"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.4::resilientstorage","fixed":["0:0.10.8-1.el8_4.3"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs-snmp","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs-snmp","source":"RHSA-2023:0506"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.6::highavailability","fixed":["0:0.10.12-6.el8_6.3"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs","source":"RHSA-2023:0427"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.6::highavailability","fixed":["0:0.10.12-6.el8_6.3"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs-snmp","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs-snmp","source":"RHSA-2023:0427"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.6::resilientstorage","fixed":["0:0.10.12-6.el8_6.3"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs","source":"RHSA-2023:0427"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.6::resilientstorage","fixed":["0:0.10.12-6.el8_6.3"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs-snmp","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs-snmp","source":"RHSA-2023:0427"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::highavailability","fixed":["0:0.11.1-10.el9_0.3"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs","source":"RHSA-2023:0527"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::highavailability","fixed":["0:0.11.1-10.el9_0.3"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs-snmp","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs-snmp","source":"RHSA-2023:0527"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::resilientstorage","fixed":["0:0.11.1-10.el9_0.3"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs","source":"RHSA-2023:0527"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::resilientstorage","fixed":["0:0.11.1-10.el9_0.3"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs-snmp","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs-snmp","source":"RHSA-2023:0527"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_tus:8.2::highavailability","fixed":["0:0.10.4-6.el8_2.4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs","source":"RHSA-2023:0393"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_tus:8.2::highavailability","fixed":["0:0.10.4-6.el8_2.4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs-snmp","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/pcs-snmp","source":"RHSA-2023:0393"},{"ecosystem":"Rocky Linux:8","fixed":["0:0.10.14-5.el8_7.2"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"pcs","purl":"pkg:rpm/rocky-linux/pcs?distro=rocky-linux-8\u0026epoch=0","source":"RLSA-2023:0855"}],"prev":{"headline":"Cross-site scripting in NBG-418N v2 firmware","id":"CVE-2022-45441"},"products":["sinatra"],"published":"2022-11-28","related":[{"cvss_score":10,"headline":"ProFTPD Improper Access Control","id":"CVE-2015-3306","kev_date_added":"2026-10-08","published":"2015-05-18"},{"cvss_score":9.9,"headline":"RoundCube Webmail Deserialization of Untrusted Data","id":"CVE-2025-49113","kev_date_added":"2026-02-20","published":"2025-06-02"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"GNU InetUtils Argument Injection","id":"CVE-2026-24061","kev_date_added":"2026-01-26","published":"2026-01-21"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions","id":"CVE-2025-39682","kev_date_added":"2026-09-18","published":"2025-09-05"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Mozilla Firefox Use-After-Free","id":"CVE-2024-9680","kev_date_added":"2024-10-15","published":"2024-10-09"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"RARLAB UnRAR Directory Traversal","id":"CVE-2022-30333","kev_date_added":"2022-08-09","published":"2022-05-09"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Roundcube Webmail SQL Injection","id":"CVE-2021-44026","kev_date_added":"2023-06-22","published":"2021-11-19"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"MIT","name":"AlmaLinux","prefix":"ALSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"GitHub Advisory Database","prefix":"GHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"Red Hat","prefix":"RHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"BSD","name":"Rocky Linux","prefix":"RLSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0","name":"PoC-in-GitHub"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"no","exploitation":"poc","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2025-11-04","vendors":["sinatra"]},"summary":"Attackers can exploit reflected file download vulnerabilities in Sinatra to execute malicious code or bypass security controls via crafted filenames.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-45442/"}