{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 3 products.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2022-45939 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Apply the vendor's patch.","what":"CVE-2022-45939 is a high-severity command injection vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 28 Nov 2022. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2022-45939 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2022-45939 is a high-severity command injection vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 28 Nov 2022. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2022-45939 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected product: Debian Debian Linux. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-45939/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-45939/index.md)","id":"CVE-2022-45939","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-45939/index.md","name":"CVE-2022-45939","record":{"aliases":["ALSA-2023:2366","ALSA-2023:3042","AZL-11515","CLEANSTART-2024-MU53780","CLSA-2024-1728055873","DEBIAN-CVE-2022-45939","DLA-3257-1","DSA-5314-1","GHSA-m57w-hf24-4j3h","MGASA-2022-0457","OESA-2022-2131","RHSA-2023:2366","RHSA-2023:3042","SUSE-SU-2022:4304-1","SUSE-SU-2022:4305-1","SUSE-SU-2022:4310-1","UBUNTU-CVE-2022-45939","USN-5781-1","openSUSE-SU-2024:12541-1"],"analysis":{"component_type":"developer_tool","fix_type":"patch","impacts":["code_execution"],"network_reachable":"adjacent_or_local","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"GNU Emacs ctags","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Attackers can execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in filenames when using the ctags utility in GNU Emacs.","user_interaction":"required","vuln_class":"command_injection"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"mitre","cpe":[{"product":"debian_linux","vendor":"debian"},{"product":"fedora","vendor":"fedoraproject"},{"product":"emacs","vendor":"gnu"}],"cvss":{"score":7.8,"severity":"high","source":"cisa-adp","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-78","name":"Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command"}],"description":"GNU Emacs through 28.2 allows attackers to execute commands via shell metacharacters in the name of a source-code file, because lib-src/etags.c uses the system C library function in its implementation of the ctags program. For example, a victim may use the \"ctags *\" command (suggested in the ctags documentation) in a situation where the current working directory has contents that depend on untrusted input.","ecosystems":["AlmaLinux:8","AlmaLinux:9","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","SUSE:Enterprise Storage 6","SUSE:Enterprise Storage 7","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-ESPOS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2-ESPOS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15-ESPOS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP3","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP4","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Desktop Applications 15 SP3","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Desktop Applications 15 SP4","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP2-BCL","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3-BCL","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-BCL","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2-BCL","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP4","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP5","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP1","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP2","SUSE:Manager Proxy 4.1","SUSE:Manager Retail Branch Server 4.1","SUSE:Manager Server 4.1","SUSE:OpenStack Cloud 9","SUSE:OpenStack Cloud Crowbar 9","openSUSE:Leap 15.3","openSUSE:Leap 15.4","openSUSE:Tumbleweed"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"none_known"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"Command injection in n/a","id":"CVE-2022-45939","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":"debian:debian_linux","products":["debian:debian_linux","fedoraproject:fedora"],"type":"command_injection","year":"2022"},"n_packages":67,"n_references":5,"next":{"headline":"Command injection in n/a","id":"CVE-2022-45942"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["1:26.1-9.el8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/emacs","source":"ALSA-2023:3042"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["1:26.1-9.el8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-common","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/emacs-common","source":"ALSA-2023:3042"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["1:26.1-9.el8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-filesystem","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/emacs-filesystem","source":"ALSA-2023:3042"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["1:26.1-9.el8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-lucid","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/emacs-lucid","source":"ALSA-2023:3042"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["1:26.1-9.el8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-nox","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/emacs-nox","source":"ALSA-2023:3042"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["1:26.1-9.el8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-terminal","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/emacs-terminal","source":"ALSA-2023:3042"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["1:27.2-8.el9"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/emacs","source":"ALSA-2023:2366"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["1:27.2-8.el9"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-common","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/emacs-common","source":"ALSA-2023:2366"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["1:27.2-8.el9"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-filesystem","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/emacs-filesystem","source":"ALSA-2023:2366"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["1:27.2-8.el9"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-lucid","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/emacs-lucid","source":"ALSA-2023:2366"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["1:27.2-8.el9"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-nox","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/emacs-nox","source":"ALSA-2023:2366"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream","fixed":["1:26.1-9.el8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs","source":"RHSA-2023:3042"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream","fixed":["1:26.1-9.el8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-common","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-common","source":"RHSA-2023:3042"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream","fixed":["1:26.1-9.el8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-common-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-common-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2023:3042"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream","fixed":["1:26.1-9.el8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2023:3042"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream","fixed":["1:26.1-9.el8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-debugsource","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-debugsource","source":"RHSA-2023:3042"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream","fixed":["1:26.1-9.el8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-lucid","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-lucid","source":"RHSA-2023:3042"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream","fixed":["1:26.1-9.el8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-lucid-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-lucid-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2023:3042"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream","fixed":["1:26.1-9.el8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-nox","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-nox","source":"RHSA-2023:3042"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream","fixed":["1:26.1-9.el8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-nox-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-nox-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2023:3042"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream","fixed":["1:26.1-9.el8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-terminal","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-terminal","source":"RHSA-2023:3042"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos","fixed":["1:26.1-9.el8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs","source":"RHSA-2023:3042"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos","fixed":["1:26.1-9.el8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-filesystem","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-filesystem","source":"RHSA-2023:3042"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","fixed":["1:27.2-8.el9"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs","source":"RHSA-2023:2366"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","fixed":["1:27.2-8.el9"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-common","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-common","source":"RHSA-2023:2366"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","fixed":["1:27.2-8.el9"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-common-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-common-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2023:2366"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","fixed":["1:27.2-8.el9"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2023:2366"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","fixed":["1:27.2-8.el9"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-debugsource","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-debugsource","source":"RHSA-2023:2366"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","fixed":["1:27.2-8.el9"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-filesystem","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-filesystem","source":"RHSA-2023:2366"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","fixed":["1:27.2-8.el9"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-lucid","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-lucid","source":"RHSA-2023:2366"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","fixed":["1:27.2-8.el9"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-lucid-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-lucid-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2023:2366"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","fixed":["1:27.2-8.el9"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-nox","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-nox","source":"RHSA-2023:2366"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","fixed":["1:27.2-8.el9"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs-nox-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/emacs-nox-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2023:2366"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Enterprise Storage 6","fixed":["25.3-150000.3.12.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/emacs\u0026distro=SUSE%20Enterprise%20Storage%206","source":"SUSE-SU-2022:4310-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Enterprise Storage 7","fixed":["25.3-150000.3.12.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/emacs\u0026distro=SUSE%20Enterprise%20Storage%207","source":"SUSE-SU-2022:4310-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-ESPOS","fixed":["25.3-150000.3.12.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/emacs\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20High%20Performance%20Computing%2015%20SP1-ESPOS","source":"SUSE-SU-2022:4310-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-LTSS","fixed":["25.3-150000.3.12.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/emacs\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20High%20Performance%20Computing%2015%20SP1-LTSS","source":"SUSE-SU-2022:4310-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2-ESPOS","fixed":["25.3-150000.3.12.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/emacs\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20High%20Performance%20Computing%2015%20SP2-ESPOS","source":"SUSE-SU-2022:4310-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2-LTSS","fixed":["25.3-150000.3.12.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/emacs\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20High%20Performance%20Computing%2015%20SP2-LTSS","source":"SUSE-SU-2022:4310-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15-ESPOS","fixed":["25.3-150000.3.12.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"emacs","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/emacs\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20High%20Performance%20Computing%2015-ESPOS","source":"SUSE-SU-2022:4310-1"}],"prev":{"headline":"Cross-site scripting in n/a","id":"CVE-2022-45938"},"products":["n/a"],"published":"2022-11-28","related":[{"cvss_score":10,"headline":"ProFTPD Improper Access Control","id":"CVE-2015-3306","kev_date_added":"2026-10-08","published":"2015-05-18"},{"cvss_score":9.9,"headline":"RoundCube Webmail Deserialization of Untrusted Data","id":"CVE-2025-49113","kev_date_added":"2026-02-20","published":"2025-06-02"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"GNU InetUtils Argument Injection","id":"CVE-2026-24061","kev_date_added":"2026-01-26","published":"2026-01-21"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions","id":"CVE-2025-39682","kev_date_added":"2026-09-18","published":"2025-09-05"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Mozilla Firefox Use-After-Free","id":"CVE-2024-9680","kev_date_added":"2024-10-15","published":"2024-10-09"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"RARLAB UnRAR Directory Traversal","id":"CVE-2022-30333","kev_date_added":"2022-08-09","published":"2022-05-09"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Roundcube Webmail SQL Injection","id":"CVE-2021-44026","kev_date_added":"2023-06-22","published":"2021-11-19"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"MIT","name":"AlmaLinux","prefix":"ALSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"Red Hat","prefix":"RHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"SUSE","prefix":"SUSE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"no","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2025-04-28","vendors":["n/a"]},"summary":"Attackers can execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in filenames when using the ctags utility in GNU Emacs.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-45939/"}