# CVE-2022-48916: iommu/vt-d: Fix double list_add when enabling VMD in scalable mode

> A double list_add bug in the Linux kernel IOMMU driver causes a kernel panic during boot on specific hardware, leading to denial of service.

- **Severity:** Medium 5.5 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Local or same network only
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 22 Aug 2024
- **Updated:** 23 May 2026
- **Also known as:** DEBIAN-CVE-2022-48916, GHSA-4j2g-pw4f-5hg9, UBUNTU-CVE-2022-48916

## What is CVE-2022-48916?

CVE-2022-48916 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 22 Aug 2024. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

iommu/vt-d: Fix double list_add when enabling VMD in scalable mode

When enabling VMD and IOMMU scalable mode, the following kernel panic
call trace/kernel log is shown in Eagle Stream platform (Sapphire Rapids
CPU) during booting:

pci 0000:59:00.5: Adding to iommu group 42
...
vmd 0000:59:00.5: PCI host bridge to bus 10000:80
pci 10000:80:01.0: [8086:352a] type 01 class 0x060400
pci 10000:80:01.0: reg 0x10: [mem 0x00000000-0x0001ffff 64bit]
pci 10000:80:01.0: enabling Extended Tags
pci 10000:80:01.0: PME# supported from D0 D3hot D3cold
pci 10000:80:01.0: DMAR: Setup RID2PASID failed
pci 10000:80:01.0: Failed to add to iommu group 42: -16
pci 10000:80:03.0: [8086:352b] type 01 class 0x060400
pci 10000:80:03.0: reg 0x10: [mem 0x00000000-0x0001ffff 64bit]
pci 10000:80:03.0: enabling Extended Tags
pci 10000:80:03.0: PME# supported from D0 D3hot D3cold
------------[ cut here ]------------
kernel BUG at lib/list_debug.c:29!
invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI
CPU: 0 PID: 7 Comm: kworker/0:1 Not tainted 5.17.0-rc3+ #7
Hardware name: Lenovo ThinkSystem SR650V3/SB27A86647, BIOS ESE101Y-1.00 01/13/2022
Workqueue: events work_for_cpu_fn
RIP: 0010:__list_add_valid.cold+0x26/0x3f
Code: 9a 4a ab ff 4c 89 c1 48 c7 c7 40 0c d9 9e e8 b9 b1 fe ff 0f
      0b 48 89 f2 4c 89 c1 48 89 fe 48 c7 c7 f0 0c d9 9e e8 a2 b1
      fe ff <0f> 0b 48 89 d1 4c 89 c6 4c 89 ca 48 c7 c7 98 0c d9
      9e e8 8b b1 fe
RSP: 0000:ff5ad434865b3a40 EFLAGS: 00010246
RAX: 0000000000000058 RBX: ff4d61160b74b880 RCX: ff4d61255e1fffa8
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00000000fffeffff RDI: ffffffff9fd34f20
RBP: ff4d611d8e245c00 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ff5ad434865b3888
R10: ff5ad434865b3880 R11: ff4d61257fdc6fe8 R12: ff4d61160b74b8a0
R13: ff4d61160b74b8a0 R14: ff4d611d8e245c10 R15: ff4d611d8001ba70
FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ff4d611d5ea00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: ff4d611fa1401000 CR3: 0000000aa0210001 CR4: 0000000000771ef0
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe07f0 DR7: 0000000000000400
PKRU: 55555554
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 intel_pasid_alloc_table+0x9c/0x1d0
 dmar_insert_one_dev_info+0x423/0x540
 ? device_to_iommu+0x12d/0x2f0
 intel_iommu_attach_device+0x116/0x290
 __iommu_attach_device+0x1a/0x90
 iommu_group_add_device+0x190/0x2c0
 __iommu_probe_device+0x13e/0x250
 iommu_probe_device+0x24/0x150
 iommu_bus_notifier+0x69/0x90
 blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x5a/0x80
 device_add+0x3db/0x7b0
 ? arch_memremap_can_ram_remap+0x19/0x50
 ? memremap+0x75/0x140
 pci_device_add+0x193/0x1d0
 pci_scan_single_device+0xb9/0xf0
 pci_scan_slot+0x4c/0x110
 pci_scan_child_bus_extend+0x3a/0x290
 vmd_enable_domain.constprop.0+0x63e/0x820
 vmd_probe+0x163/0x190
 local_pci_probe+0x42/0x80
 work_for_cpu_fn+0x13/0x20
 process_one_work+0x1e2/0x3b0
 worker_thread+0x1c4/0x3a0
 ? rescuer_thread+0x370/0x370
 kthread+0xc7/0xf0
 ? kthread_complete_and_exit+0x20/0x20
 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30
 </TASK>
Modules linked in:
---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
...
Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception
Kernel Offset: 0x1ca00000 from 0xffffffff81000000 (relocation range: 0xffffffff80000000-0xffffffffbfffffff)
---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception ]---

The following 'lspci' output shows devices '10000:80:*' are subdevices of
the VMD device 0000:59:00.5:

  $ lspci
  ...
  0000:59:00.5 RAID bus controller: Intel Corporation Volume Management Device NVMe RAID Controller (rev 20)
  ...
  10000:80:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 352a (rev 03)
  10000:80:03.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 352b (rev 03)
  10000:80:05.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 352c (rev 03)
  10000:80:07.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 352d (rev 03)
  10000:81:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller: Intel Corporation NVMe Datacenter SSD [3DNAND, Beta Rock Controller]
  10000:82:00
---truncated---

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2022-48916?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Linux kernel.

## How do I fix CVE-2022-48916?

Apply the vendor's patch.

## Is CVE-2022-48916 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2022-48916 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in Linux kernel

- [CVE-2026-53266](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-53266/): Linux Kernel Out-of-Bounds Write (high 8.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2013-6282](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2013-6282/): Linux Kernel Improper Input Validation (high 8.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2022-0185](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-0185/): Linux Kernel Heap-Based Buffer Overflow (high 8.4, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2013-2094](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2013-2094/): Linux Kernel Privilege Escalation (high 8.4, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2026-53362](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-53362/): Linux Kernel Unspecified (high 7.8, exploited in the wild)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2022-48916 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2022-48916 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 22 Aug 2024. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2022-48916 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: Linux kernel. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-48916/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-48916/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-48916
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-48916
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2022-48916

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-48916/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.