# CVE-2022-49340: ip_gre: test csum_start instead of transport header

> A missing validation in the Linux kernel GRE tunnel driver can cause an integer overflow, leading to a denial of service.

- **Severity:** High 7.1 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Local or same network only
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 26 Feb 2025
- **Updated:** 5 Aug 2026
- **Also known as:** DEBIAN-CVE-2022-49340, GHSA-4qqr-2jj8-h8q8, UBUNTU-CVE-2022-49340

## What is CVE-2022-49340?

CVE-2022-49340 is a high-severity vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 26 Feb 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ip_gre: test csum_start instead of transport header

GRE with TUNNEL_CSUM will apply local checksum offload on
CHECKSUM_PARTIAL packets.

ipgre_xmit must validate csum_start after an optional skb_pull,
else lco_csum may trigger an overflow. The original check was

	if (csum && skb_checksum_start(skb) < skb->data)
		return -EINVAL;

This had false positives when skb_checksum_start is undefined:
when ip_summed is not CHECKSUM_PARTIAL. A discussed refinement
was straightforward

	if (csum && skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_PARTIAL &&
	    skb_checksum_start(skb) < skb->data)
		return -EINVAL;

But was eventually revised more thoroughly:
- restrict the check to the only branch where needed, in an
  uncommon GRE path that uses header_ops and calls skb_pull.
- test skb_transport_header, which is set along with csum_start
  in skb_partial_csum_set in the normal header_ops datapath.

Turns out skbs can arrive in this branch without the transport
header set, e.g., through BPF redirection.

Revise the check back to check csum_start directly, and only if
CHECKSUM_PARTIAL. Do leave the check in the updated location.
Check field regardless of whether TUNNEL_CSUM is configured.

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2022-49340?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Linux kernel.

## How do I fix CVE-2022-49340?

Apply the vendor's patch.

## Is CVE-2022-49340 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2022-49340 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in Linux kernel

- [CVE-2026-53266](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-53266/): Linux Kernel Out-of-Bounds Write (high 8.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2013-6282](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2013-6282/): Linux Kernel Improper Input Validation (high 8.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2022-0185](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-0185/): Linux Kernel Heap-Based Buffer Overflow (high 8.4, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2013-2094](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2013-2094/): Linux Kernel Privilege Escalation (high 8.4, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2026-53362](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-53362/): Linux Kernel Unspecified (high 7.8, exploited in the wild)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2022-49340 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2022-49340 is a high-severity vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 26 Feb 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2022-49340 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: Linux kernel. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-49340/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-49340/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-49340
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-49340
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2022-49340

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-49340/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.