{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 1 product.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-1281 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Apply the vendor's patch.","what":"CVE-2023-1281 is a high-severity use after free vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 22 Mar 2023. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2023-1281 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2023-1281 is a high-severity use after free vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 22 Mar 2023. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-1281 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected product: Linux kernel. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-1281/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-1281/index.md)","id":"CVE-2023-1281","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-1281/index.md","name":"CVE-2023-1281","record":{"aliases":["AZL-25690","DEBIAN-CVE-2023-1281","GHSA-r66m-27p7-w8fm","UBUNTU-CVE-2023-1281"],"analysis":{"component_type":"kernel","fix_type":"patch","impacts":["privilege_escalation"],"network_reachable":"adjacent_or_local","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Linux kernel","requires_auth":"low_privilege","summary":"A local attacker can exploit a use-after-free in the Linux kernel's tcindex filter to escalate privileges to root.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"use_after_free"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"Google","cpe":[{"product":"linux_kernel","vendor":"linux"}],"cvss":{"score":7.8,"severity":"high","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-416","name":"Use After Free"}],"description":"Use After Free vulnerability in Linux kernel traffic control index filter (tcindex) allows Privilege Escalation. The imperfect hash area can be updated while packets are traversing, which will cause a use-after-free when 'tcf_exts_exec()' is called with the destroyed tcf_ext. A local attacker user can use this vulnerability to elevate its privileges to root.\n\nThis issue affects Linux Kernel: from 4.14 before git commit ee059170b1f7e94e55fa6cadee544e176a6e59c2.","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":"2023-05-05","github_poc":1,"max_poc_stars":0,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[{"date":"2023-05-05T07:13:49Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/lanleft/CVE-2023-1281","stars":0,"title":null}],"tier":"poc_unverified"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"UAF in Linux kernel's tcindex (traffic control index filter) implementation","id":"CVE-2023-1281","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":"linux:linux_kernel","products":["linux:linux_kernel"],"type":"use_after_free","year":"2023"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":6,"next":{"headline":"Drag and Drop Multiple File Upload PRO - Reflected Cross-Site Scripting","id":"CVE-2023-1282"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"URL Redirection to Untrusted Site in GitLab","id":"CVE-2023-1279"},"products":["Linux Kernel"],"published":"2023-03-22","related":[{"cvss_score":8.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Out-of-Bounds Write","id":"CVE-2026-53266","kev_date_added":"2026-09-18","published":"2026-06-25"},{"cvss_score":8.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Improper Input Validation","id":"CVE-2013-6282","kev_date_added":"2022-09-15","published":"2013-11-19"},{"cvss_score":8.4,"headline":"Linux Kernel Heap-Based Buffer Overflow","id":"CVE-2022-0185","kev_date_added":"2024-08-21","published":"2022-02-11"},{"cvss_score":8.4,"headline":"Linux Kernel Privilege Escalation","id":"CVE-2013-2094","kev_date_added":"2022-09-15","published":"2013-05-14"},{"cvss_score":7.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Unspecified","id":"CVE-2026-53362","kev_date_added":"2026-08-27","published":"2026-07-04"},{"cvss_score":7.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Missing Initialization of a Variable","id":"CVE-2026-46300","kev_date_added":"2026-10-28","published":"2026-05-23"},{"cvss_score":7.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Race Condition","id":"CVE-2025-39964","kev_date_added":"2026-09-18","published":"2025-10-13"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0","name":"PoC-in-GitHub"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"no","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2026-07-30","vendors":["Linux"]},"summary":"A local attacker can exploit a use-after-free in the Linux kernel's tcindex filter to escalate privileges to root.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-1281/"}