{"answers":{"affected":"3 open source packages ship an affected version, including github.com/notaryproject/notation-go. It affects 1 product.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-25656 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Upgrade github.com/notaryproject/notation-go to 1.0.0-rc.3 or later.","what":"CVE-2023-25656 is a high-severity denial of service vulnerability in notaryproject notation-go, published on 20 Feb 2023. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2023-25656 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2023-25656 is a high-severity denial of service vulnerability in notaryproject notation-go, published on 20 Feb 2023. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-25656 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected packages and fixed versions:\n- github.com/notaryproject/notation-go (Go): affected all versions; fixed in 1.0.0-rc.3\n- github.com/notaryproject/notation-go (Go): affected all versions; fixed in 1.0.0-rc.3\n- github.com/notaryproject/notation-go (Go): affected all versions; fixed in 1.0.0-rc.3\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-25656/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-25656/index.md)","id":"CVE-2023-25656","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-25656/index.md","name":"CVE-2023-25656","record":{"aliases":["GHSA-87x9-7grx-m28v","GO-2023-1589"],"analysis":{"component_type":"library","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["denial_of_service"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Go notation library","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Attackers can cause excessive memory allocation during signature verification, leading to application crashes and denial of service.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"denial_of_service"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"GitHub_M","cpe":[{"product":"notation-go","vendor":"notaryproject"}],"cvss":{"score":7.5,"severity":"high","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-770","name":"Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling"}],"description":"notation-go is a collection of libraries for supporting Notation sign, verify, push, and pull of oci artifacts. Prior to version 1.0.0-rc.3, notation-go users will find their application using excessive memory when verifying signatures. The application will be killed, and thus availability is impacted. The problem has been patched in the release v1.0.0-rc.3. Some workarounds are available. Users can review their own trust policy file and check if the identity string contains `=#`. Meanwhile, users should only put trusted certificates in their trust stores referenced by their own trust policy files, and make sure the `authenticity` validation is set to `enforce`.","ecosystems":["Go"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"none_known"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"notation-go has excessive memory allocation on verification","id":"CVE-2023-25656","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":"Go","product":null,"products":[],"type":"denial_of_service","year":"2023"},"n_packages":3,"n_references":2,"next":{"headline":"Remote code execution in Jinja2 template rendering in Nautobot","id":"CVE-2023-25657"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":["1.0.0-rc.3"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/notaryproject/notation-go","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-87x9-7grx-m28v"},{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":["1.0.0-rc.3"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/notaryproject/notation-go","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/notaryproject/notation-go","source":"GHSA-87x9-7grx-m28v"},{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":["1.0.0-rc.3"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/notaryproject/notation-go","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/notaryproject/notation-go","source":"GO-2023-1589"}],"prev":{"headline":"baserCMS allows any file to be uploaded","id":"CVE-2023-25655"},"products":["notation-go"],"published":"2023-02-20","related":[{"cvss_score":8.4,"headline":"Verification bypass can cause users into verifying the wrong artifact","id":"CVE-2023-33959","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2023-06-06"},{"cvss_score":5.4,"headline":"Default `maxSignatureAttempts` in `notation verify` enables an endless data attack in notation","id":"CVE-2023-33958","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2023-06-06"},{"cvss_score":4,"headline":"Client configured with permissive trust policies susceptible to rollback attack in Notary Project","id":"CVE-2024-23332","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2024-01-19"},{"cvss_score":3.3,"headline":"Process crash during CRL-based revocation check on OS using separate mount point for temp Directory in notation-go","id":"CVE-2024-51491","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2025-01-13"},{"cvss_score":2.6,"headline":"Denial of service from high number of artifact signatures in notation","id":"CVE-2023-33957","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2023-06-06"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"GitHub Advisory Database","prefix":"GHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"Go Vulnerability Database","prefix":"GO"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"yes","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"partial"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2024-11-27","vendors":["notaryproject"]},"summary":"Attackers can cause excessive memory allocation during signature verification, leading to application crashes and denial of service.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-25656/"}