# CVE-2023-28002: Security feature bypass in FortiOS

> A local admin can bypass filesystem integrity checks to boot a malicious image on FortiOS devices, compromising system security.

- **Severity:** Medium 5.8 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:X/RC:R`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** An administrator
- **Attackable:** Local or same network only
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 14 Nov 2023
- **Updated:** 11 Jun 2025
- **Also known as:** GHSA-m6ww-2p98-rfp9

## What is CVE-2023-28002?

CVE-2023-28002 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Fortinet Fortios, published on 14 Nov 2023. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

An improper validation of integrity check value vulnerability [CWE-354] in FortiOS 7.2.0 through 7.2.3, 7.0.0 through 7.0.12, 6.4 all versions, 6.2 all versions, 6.0 all versions and VMs may allow a local attacker with admin privileges to boot a malicious image on the device and bypass the filesystem integrity check in place.

Weakness: CWE-354 (Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2023-28002?

It affects 2 products.


Products: Fortinet Fortios, Fortinet Fortiproxy.

## How do I fix CVE-2023-28002?

No fix has been published for CVE-2023-28002 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2023-28002 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-28002 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in Fortinet Fortios

- [CVE-2024-23113](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-23113/): Fortinet Multiple Products Format String (critical 9.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2022-40684](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-40684/): Fortinet Multiple Products Authentication Bypass (critical 9.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2024-55591](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-55591/): Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy Authentication Bypass (critical 9.6, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2024-21762](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-21762/): Fortinet FortiOS Out-of-Bound Write (critical 9.6, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2022-42475](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-42475/): Fortinet FortiOS Heap-Based Buffer Overflow (critical 9.3, exploited in the wild)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2023-28002 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2023-28002 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Fortinet Fortios, published on 14 Nov 2023. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-28002 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: Fortinet Fortios. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28002/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28002/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-28002
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-28002
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2023-28002

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28002/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.