{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 9 products.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-2828 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Upgrade to a fixed version.","what":"CVE-2023-2828 is a high-severity denial of service vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 21 Jun 2023. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2023-2828 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2023-2828 is a high-severity denial of service vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 21 Jun 2023. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-2828 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected product: Debian Debian Linux. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-2828/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-2828/index.md)","id":"CVE-2023-2828","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-2828/index.md","name":"CVE-2023-2828","record":{"aliases":["ALSA-2023:4099","ALSA-2023:4100","ALSA-2023:4102","AZL-27203","AZL-27238","CLSA-2023-1688677755","CLSA-2023-1689008238","CLSA-2023-1689008612","CLSA-2023-1691576076","CLSA-2024-1735311722","DEBIAN-CVE-2023-2828","DLA-3498-1","GHSA-v668-ccv8-m5gx","OESA-2023-1384","OESA-2023-1505","RHSA-2023:4005","RHSA-2023:4037","RHSA-2023:4099","RHSA-2023:4100","RHSA-2023:4101","RHSA-2023:4102","RHSA-2023:4152","RHSA-2023:4153","RHSA-2023:4154","RHSA-2023:4332","RLSA-2023:4099","RLSA-2023:4100","RLSA-2023:4102","SUSE-SU-2023:2789-1","SUSE-SU-2023:2793-1","SUSE-SU-2023:2794-1","SUSE-SU-2023:2954-1","UBUNTU-CVE-2023-2828","USN-6183-2"],"analysis":{"component_type":"server_software","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["denial_of_service"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"BIND DNS resolver","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Attackers can exceed the configured cache size limit in BIND 9 recursive resolvers by manipulating query order, potentially causing resource exhaustion and denial of service.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"denial_of_service"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"isc","cpe":[{"product":"debian_linux","vendor":"debian"},{"product":"fedora","vendor":"fedoraproject"},{"product":"bind","vendor":"isc"},{"product":"active_iq_unified_manager","vendor":"netapp"},{"product":"h300s_firmware","vendor":"netapp"},{"product":"h410c_firmware","vendor":"netapp"},{"product":"h410s_firmware","vendor":"netapp"},{"product":"h500s_firmware","vendor":"netapp"},{"product":"h700s_firmware","vendor":"netapp"}],"cvss":{"score":7.5,"severity":"high","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-770","name":"Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling"}],"description":"Every `named` instance configured to run as a recursive resolver maintains a cache database holding the responses to the queries it has recently sent to authoritative servers. The size limit for that cache database can be configured using the `max-cache-size` statement in the configuration file; it defaults to 90% of the total amount of memory available on the host. When the size of the cache reaches 7/8 of the configured limit, a cache-cleaning algorithm starts to remove expired and/or least-recently used RRsets from the cache, to keep memory use below the configured limit.\n\nIt has been discovered that the effectiveness of the cache-cleaning algorithm used in `named` can be severely diminished by querying the resolver for specific RRsets in a certain order, effectively allowing the configured `max-cache-size` limit to be significantly exceeded.\nThis issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.11.0 through 9.16.41, 9.18.0 through 9.18.15, 9.19.0 through 9.19.13, 9.11.3-S1 through 9.16.41-S1, and 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.15-S1.","ecosystems":["AlmaLinux:8","AlmaLinux:9","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::workstation","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::crb","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::crb","Red Hat:rhel_aus:8.2::appstream","Red Hat:rhel_aus:8.2::baseos","Red Hat:rhel_aus:8.4::appstream","Red Hat:rhel_aus:8.4::baseos","Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.1::appstream","Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.1::baseos","Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.2::appstream","Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.2::baseos","Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.4::appstream","Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.4::baseos","Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.6::appstream","Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.6::baseos","Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.6::crb","Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstream","Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::crb","Red Hat:rhel_tus:8.2::appstream","Red Hat:rhel_tus:8.2::baseos","Red Hat:rhel_tus:8.4::appstream","Red Hat:rhel_tus:8.4::baseos","Rocky Linux:8","Rocky Linux:9","SUSE:Enterprise Storage 7","SUSE:Enterprise Storage 7.1","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-ESPOS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP4","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP5","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP3","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP2-BCL","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4-ESPOS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP4","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP5","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP1","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP2","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP3","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP5","SUSE:Manager Client Tools for SLE Micro 5","SUSE:Manager Proxy 4.2","SUSE:Manager Server 4.2","SUSE:OpenStack Cloud 9","SUSE:OpenStack Cloud Crowbar 9","openSUSE:Leap 15.4"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"none_known"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"named's configured cache size limit can be significantly exceeded","id":"CVE-2023-2828","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":"debian:debian_linux","products":["debian:debian_linux","fedoraproject:fedora","isc:bind","netapp:active_iq_unified_manager","netapp:h300s_firmware","netapp:h410c_firmware","netapp:h410s_firmware","netapp:h500s_firmware","netapp:h700s_firmware"],"type":"denial_of_service","year":"2023"},"n_packages":554,"n_references":7,"next":{"headline":"Malformed NSEC records can cause named to terminate unexpectedly when synth-from-dnssec is enabled","id":"CVE-2023-2829"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind","source":"ALSA-2023:4102"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-chroot","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-chroot","source":"ALSA-2023:4102"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-devel","source":"ALSA-2023:4102"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-export-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-export-devel","source":"ALSA-2023:4102"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-export-libs","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-export-libs","source":"ALSA-2023:4102"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-libs","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-libs","source":"ALSA-2023:4102"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-libs-lite","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-libs-lite","source":"ALSA-2023:4102"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-license","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-license","source":"ALSA-2023:4102"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-lite-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-lite-devel","source":"ALSA-2023:4102"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-pkcs11","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-pkcs11","source":"ALSA-2023:4102"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-pkcs11-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-pkcs11-devel","source":"ALSA-2023:4102"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-pkcs11-libs","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-pkcs11-libs","source":"ALSA-2023:4102"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-pkcs11-utils","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-pkcs11-utils","source":"ALSA-2023:4102"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-sdb","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-sdb","source":"ALSA-2023:4102"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-sdb-chroot","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-sdb-chroot","source":"ALSA-2023:4102"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-utils","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-utils","source":"ALSA-2023:4102"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.16.23-0.14.el8_8.1.alma"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind9.16","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind9.16","source":"ALSA-2023:4100"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.16.23-0.14.el8_8.1.alma"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind9.16-chroot","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind9.16-chroot","source":"ALSA-2023:4100"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.16.23-0.14.el8_8.1.alma"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind9.16-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind9.16-devel","source":"ALSA-2023:4100"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.16.23-0.14.el8_8.1.alma"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind9.16-dnssec-utils","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind9.16-dnssec-utils","source":"ALSA-2023:4100"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.16.23-0.14.el8_8.1.alma"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind9.16-doc","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind9.16-doc","source":"ALSA-2023:4100"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.16.23-0.14.el8_8.1.alma"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind9.16-libs","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind9.16-libs","source":"ALSA-2023:4100"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.16.23-0.14.el8_8.1.alma"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind9.16-license","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind9.16-license","source":"ALSA-2023:4100"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.16.23-0.14.el8_8.1.alma"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind9.16-utils","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind9.16-utils","source":"ALSA-2023:4100"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python3-bind","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/python3-bind","source":"ALSA-2023:4102"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:8","fixed":["32:9.16.23-0.14.el8_8.1.alma"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python3-bind9.16","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/python3-bind9.16","source":"ALSA-2023:4100"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["32:9.16.23-11.el9_2.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind","source":"ALSA-2023:4099"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["32:9.16.23-11.el9_2.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-chroot","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-chroot","source":"ALSA-2023:4099"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["32:9.16.23-11.el9_2.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-devel","source":"ALSA-2023:4099"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["32:9.16.23-11.el9_2.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-dnssec-doc","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-dnssec-doc","source":"ALSA-2023:4099"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["32:9.16.23-11.el9_2.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-dnssec-utils","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-dnssec-utils","source":"ALSA-2023:4099"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["32:9.16.23-11.el9_2.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-doc","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-doc","source":"ALSA-2023:4099"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["32:9.16.23-11.el9_2.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-libs","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-libs","source":"ALSA-2023:4099"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["32:9.16.23-11.el9_2.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-license","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-license","source":"ALSA-2023:4099"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["32:9.16.23-11.el9_2.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-utils","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/bind-utils","source":"ALSA-2023:4099"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["32:9.16.23-11.el9_2.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python3-bind","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/python3-bind","source":"ALSA-2023:4099"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.14"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/bind","source":"RHSA-2023:4152"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.14"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-chroot","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/bind-chroot","source":"RHSA-2023:4152"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.14"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/bind-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2023:4152"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client","fixed":["32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.14"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bind-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/bind-devel","source":"RHSA-2023:4152"}],"prev":{"headline":"Missing Authentication in SAP Plant Connectivity and Production Connector for SAP Digital","id":"CVE-2023-2827"},"products":["BIND 9"],"published":"2023-06-21","related":[{"cvss_score":10,"headline":"ProFTPD Improper Access Control","id":"CVE-2015-3306","kev_date_added":"2026-10-08","published":"2015-05-18"},{"cvss_score":9.9,"headline":"RoundCube Webmail Deserialization of Untrusted Data","id":"CVE-2025-49113","kev_date_added":"2026-02-20","published":"2025-06-02"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"GNU InetUtils Argument Injection","id":"CVE-2026-24061","kev_date_added":"2026-01-26","published":"2026-01-21"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions","id":"CVE-2025-39682","kev_date_added":"2026-09-18","published":"2025-09-05"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Mozilla Firefox Use-After-Free","id":"CVE-2024-9680","kev_date_added":"2024-10-15","published":"2024-10-09"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"RARLAB UnRAR Directory Traversal","id":"CVE-2022-30333","kev_date_added":"2022-08-09","published":"2022-05-09"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Roundcube Webmail SQL Injection","id":"CVE-2021-44026","kev_date_added":"2023-06-22","published":"2021-11-19"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"MIT","name":"AlmaLinux","prefix":"ALSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"Red Hat","prefix":"RHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"yes","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"partial"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2025-02-13","vendors":["ISC"]},"summary":"Attackers can exceed the configured cache size limit in BIND 9 recursive resolvers by manipulating query order, potentially causing resource exhaustion and denial of service.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-2828/"}