# CVE-2023-28386: Code injection in OvrC Cloud

> Attackers can upload arbitrary firmware to Snap One OvrC Pro devices due to missing signature validation, leading to remote code execution.

- **Severity:** High 8.6 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 22 May 2023
- **Updated:** 16 Jan 2025
- **Also known as:** GHSA-pvcj-xvm2-wgmw

## What is CVE-2023-28386?

CVE-2023-28386 is a high-severity code injection vulnerability in Snap One OvrC Cloud, published on 22 May 2023. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

Snap One OvrC Pro devices versions 7.2 and prior do not validate firmware updates correctly. The device only calculates the MD5 hash of the firmware and does not check using a private-public key mechanism. The lack of complete PKI system firmware signature could allow attackers to upload arbitrary firmware updates, resulting in code execution.

Weakness: CWE-345 (Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity), CWE-354 (Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2023-28386?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Snapone Orvc.

## How do I fix CVE-2023-28386?

No fix has been published for CVE-2023-28386 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2023-28386 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-28386 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in Snap One OvrC Cloud

- [CVE-2023-28649](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28649/): Business logic in OvrC Cloud (high 8.6)
- [CVE-2023-31241](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-31241/): Auth bypass in OvrC Cloud (high 8.6)
- [CVE-2023-25183](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-25183/): Command injection in OvrC Cloud (high 8.3)
- [CVE-2023-31240](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-31240/): Hardcoded credentials in OvrC Cloud (high 8.3)
- [CVE-2023-31193](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-31193/): Other in OvrC Cloud (high 7.5)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2023-28386 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2023-28386 is a high-severity code injection vulnerability in Snap One OvrC Cloud, published on 22 May 2023. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-28386 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: Snap One OvrC Cloud. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28386/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28386/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-28386
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-28386
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2023-28386

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28386/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.