# CVE-2023-28430: OneSignal repository github action command injection

> Attackers can inject commands via issue titles in a GitHub Actions workflow, leading to runner takeover and secret theft.

- **Severity:** High 7.3 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** A user has to click or open something
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 27 Mar 2023
- **Updated:** 19 Feb 2025

## What is CVE-2023-28430?

CVE-2023-28430 is a high-severity command injection vulnerability in react-native-onesignal, published on 27 Mar 2023. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.

### Official description

OneSignal is an email, sms, push notification, and in-app message service for mobile apps.The Zapier.yml workflow is triggered on issues (types: [closed]) (i.e., when an Issue is closed). The workflow starts with full write-permissions GitHub repository token since the default workflow permissions on Organization/Repository level are set to read-write. This workflow runs the following step with data controlled by the comment `(${{ github.event.issue.title }} – the full title of the Issue)`, allowing an attacker to take over the GitHub Runner and run custom commands, potentially stealing any secret (if used), or altering the repository. This issue was found with CodeQL using javascript’s Expression injection in Actions query. This issue has been addressed in the repositories github action. No actions are required by users. This issue is also tracked as `GHSL-2023-051`.

Weakness: CWE-77 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2023-28430?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Onesignal React-Native-Onesignal.

## How do I fix CVE-2023-28430?

No fix has been published for CVE-2023-28430 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2023-28430 being exploited?

It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2023-28430 exists.

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2023-28430 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2023-28430 is a high-severity command injection vulnerability in react-native-onesignal, published on 27 Mar 2023. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.
Exploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2023-28430 exists.

Affected product: react-native-onesignal. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28430/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28430/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-28430
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-28430
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2023-28430

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28430/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.