{"answers":{"affected":"6 open source packages ship an affected version, including time, ruby and ruby-min. It affects 4 products.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-28756 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Upgrade time to a fixed version for your release line: 0.1.1 or 0.2.2.","what":"CVE-2023-28756 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 31 Mar 2023. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2023-28756 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2023-28756 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 31 Mar 2023. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-28756 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected packages and fixed versions:\n- time (RubyGems): affected all versions; fixed in 0.1.1\n- time (RubyGems): affected all versions; fixed in 0.1.1\n- time (RubyGems): affected from 0.2.0; fixed in 0.2.2\n- time (RubyGems): affected from 0.2.0; fixed in 0.2.2\n- ruby (Bitnami): affected all versions; fixed in 2.7.8\n- ruby-min (Bitnami): affected all versions; fixed in 2.7.8\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28756/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28756/index.md)","id":"CVE-2023-28756","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28756/index.md","name":"CVE-2023-28756","record":{"aliases":["ALPINE-CVE-2023-28756","BIT-ruby-2023-28756","BIT-ruby-min-2023-28756","CLEANSTART-2026-NI61642","CLSA-2026-1778661102","DEBIAN-CVE-2023-28756","ECHO-9a18-7c35-5714","GHSA-fg7x-g82r-94qc","JLSEC-2026-1291","OESA-2024-1121","UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28756"],"analysis":{"component_type":"library","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["denial_of_service"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Ruby Time library","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Attackers can cause denial of service by exploiting a ReDoS vulnerability in the Ruby Time component's parser when handling invalid URLs.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"denial_of_service"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"mitre","cpe":[{"product":"debian_linux","vendor":"debian"},{"product":"fedora","vendor":"fedoraproject"},{"product":"ruby","vendor":"ruby-lang"},{"product":"time","vendor":"ruby-lang"}],"cvss":{"score":5.3,"severity":"medium","source":"nvd","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-1333","name":"Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity"}],"description":"A ReDoS issue was discovered in the Time component through 0.2.1 in Ruby through 3.2.1. The Time parser mishandles invalid URLs that have specific characters. It causes an increase in execution time for parsing strings to Time objects. The fixed versions are 0.1.1 and 0.2.2.","ecosystems":["Bitnami","RubyGems"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"none_known"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"Ruby Time component ReDoS issue","id":"CVE-2023-28756","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":"Bitnami","product":"debian:debian_linux","products":["debian:debian_linux","fedoraproject:fedora","ruby-lang:ruby"],"type":"denial_of_service","year":"2023"},"n_packages":6,"n_references":10,"next":{"headline":"Path traversal in n/a","id":"CVE-2023-28758"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"Bitnami","fixed":["2.7.8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"ruby","purl":"pkg:bitnami/ruby","source":"BIT-ruby-2023-28756"},{"ecosystem":"Bitnami","fixed":["2.7.8"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"ruby-min","purl":"pkg:bitnami/ruby-min","source":"BIT-ruby-min-2023-28756"},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","fixed":["0.1.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"time","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-fg7x-g82r-94qc"},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","fixed":["0.1.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"time","purl":"pkg:gem/time","source":"GHSA-fg7x-g82r-94qc"},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","fixed":["0.2.2"],"introduced":["0.2.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"time","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-fg7x-g82r-94qc"},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","fixed":["0.2.2"],"introduced":["0.2.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"time","purl":"pkg:gem/time","source":"GHSA-fg7x-g82r-94qc"}],"prev":{"headline":"Ruby URI component ReDoS issue","id":"CVE-2023-28755"},"products":["n/a"],"published":"2023-03-31","related":[{"cvss_score":10,"headline":"ProFTPD Improper Access Control","id":"CVE-2015-3306","kev_date_added":"2026-10-08","published":"2015-05-18"},{"cvss_score":9.9,"headline":"RoundCube Webmail Deserialization of Untrusted Data","id":"CVE-2025-49113","kev_date_added":"2026-02-20","published":"2025-06-02"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"GNU InetUtils Argument Injection","id":"CVE-2026-24061","kev_date_added":"2026-01-26","published":"2026-01-21"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions","id":"CVE-2025-39682","kev_date_added":"2026-09-18","published":"2025-09-05"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Mozilla Firefox Use-After-Free","id":"CVE-2024-9680","kev_date_added":"2024-10-15","published":"2024-10-09"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"RARLAB UnRAR Directory Traversal","id":"CVE-2022-30333","kev_date_added":"2022-08-09","published":"2022-05-09"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Roundcube Webmail SQL Injection","id":"CVE-2021-44026","kev_date_added":"2023-06-22","published":"2021-11-19"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"Apache-2.0","name":"Bitnami","prefix":"BIT"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"GitHub Advisory Database","prefix":"GHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"yes","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"partial"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2025-11-04","vendors":["n/a"]},"summary":"Attackers can cause denial of service by exploiting a ReDoS vulnerability in the Ruby Time component's parser when handling invalid URLs.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28756/"}