{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 19 products.","exploited":"Yes. Attackers have exploited CVE-2023-28771 in the wild since at least 31 May 2023.","fix":"No fix has been published for CVE-2023-28771 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available. US federal agencies must fix it by 21 Jun 2023.","what":"CVE-2023-28771 is a critical command injection vulnerability in Zyxel ATP series firmware, published on 25 Apr 2023. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2023-28771 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2023-28771 is a critical command injection vulnerability in Zyxel ATP series firmware, published on 25 Apr 2023. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: Yes. Attackers have exploited CVE-2023-28771 in the wild since at least 31 May 2023.\n\nAffected product: Zyxel ATP series firmware. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28771/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28771/index.md)","id":"CVE-2023-28771","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28771/index.md","name":"CVE-2023-28771","record":{"aliases":["GHSA-3xvp-8qg2-x43w"],"analysis":{"component_type":"network_device","fix_type":"patch","impacts":["code_execution"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Zyxel firewall firmware","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Unauthenticated attackers can execute OS commands on Zyxel firewalls via crafted packets due to improper error handling.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"command_injection"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"Zyxel","cpe":[{"product":"atp100_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"},{"product":"atp100w_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"},{"product":"atp200_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"},{"product":"atp500_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"},{"product":"atp700_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"},{"product":"atp800_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"},{"product":"usg_flex_100_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"},{"product":"usg_flex_100w_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"},{"product":"usg_flex_200_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"},{"product":"usg_flex_500_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"},{"product":"usg_flex_50_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"},{"product":"usg_flex_50w_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"},{"product":"usg_flex_700_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"},{"product":"vpn1000_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"},{"product":"vpn100_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"},{"product":"vpn300_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"},{"product":"vpn50_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"},{"product":"zywall_usg_100_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"},{"product":"zywall_usg_310_firmware","vendor":"zyxel"}],"cvss":{"score":9.8,"severity":"critical","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-78","name":"Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command"}],"description":"Improper error message handling in Zyxel ZyWALL/USG series firmware versions 4.60 through 4.73, VPN series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, USG FLEX series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, and ATP series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, which could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute some OS commands remotely by sending crafted packets to an affected device.","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":"2023-03-31","github_poc":2,"max_poc_stars":30,"metasploit":1,"nuclei":0,"refs":[{"date":"2023-05-23T02:37:39Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/benjaminhays/CVE-2023-28771-PoC","stars":30,"title":"PoC for CVE-2023-28771 based on Rapid7's excellent writeup"},{"date":"2023-03-31","kind":"metasploit","ref":"exploit/linux/misc/zyxel_ike_decoder_rce_cve_2023_28771","stars":null,"title":"Zyxel IKE Packet Decoder Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution"},{"date":"2025-07-22T14:12:21Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/JinParkmida/cve-2023-28771-demo","stars":0,"title":null}],"tier":"exploited"},"has_fix":null,"headline":"Zyxel Multiple Firewalls OS Command Injection","id":"CVE-2023-28771","indexable":true,"kev":{"dateAdded":"2023-05-31","dueDate":"2023-06-21","knownRansomwareCampaignUse":"Unknown","product":"Multiple Firewalls","requiredAction":"Apply updates per vendor instructions.","vendorProject":"Zyxel","vulnerabilityName":"Zyxel Multiple Firewalls OS Command Injection Vulnerability"},"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":null,"products":[],"type":"command_injection","year":"2023"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":2,"next":{"headline":"Memory corruption in n/a","id":"CVE-2023-28772"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"Information disclosure in DX5401-B0 firmware","id":"CVE-2023-28770"},"products":["ATP series firmware","USG FLEX series firmware","VPN series firmware","ZyWALL/USG series firmware"],"published":"2023-04-25","related":[{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Zyxel Multiple Firewalls Buffer Overflow","id":"CVE-2023-33009","kev_date_added":"2023-06-05","published":"2023-05-24"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Zyxel Multiple Firewalls Buffer Overflow","id":"CVE-2023-33010","kev_date_added":"2023-06-05","published":"2023-05-24"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Zyxel Multiple Firewalls OS Command Injection","id":"CVE-2022-30525","kev_date_added":"2022-05-16","published":"2022-05-12"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Zyxel Multiple Products Use of Hard-Coded Credentials","id":"CVE-2020-29583","kev_date_added":"2021-11-03","published":"2020-12-22"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Zyxel Multiple NAS Devices OS Command Injection","id":"CVE-2020-9054","kev_date_added":"2022-03-25","published":"2020-03-04"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Auth bypass in ATP series firmware","id":"CVE-2022-0342","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2022-03-28"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0 1.0","name":"CISA KEV"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"BSD-3-Clause","name":"Metasploit"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0","name":"PoC-in-GitHub"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"yes","exploitation":"active","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2025-10-21","vendors":["Zyxel"]},"summary":"Unauthenticated attackers can execute OS commands on Zyxel firewalls via crafted packets due to improper error handling.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28771/"}