CVE-2023-3028 Improper backend communication allows access and manipulation of the telemetry data
Attackers can access and manipulate fleet telemetry or inject CAN bus data due to unauthenticated MQTT communication in HopeChart telematics units.
- Exploited in the wild
- Not known
- Login needed
- Not needed
- Attackable
- Over the internet
- Victim action needed
- Not needed
- Fix
- None listed
What is CVE-2023-3028?
CVE-2023-3028 is a high-severity missing authorization vulnerability in Hangzhou Hopechart IoT Technology Co., Ltd. HQT401, published on 1 Jun 2023. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Official description
Insufficient authentication in the MQTT backend (broker) allows an attacker to access and even manipulate the telemetry data of the entire fleet of vehicles using the HopeChart HQT-401 telematics unit. Other models are possibly affected too.
Multiple vulnerabilities were identified:
- The MQTT backend does not require authentication, allowing unauthorized connections from an attacker.
- The vehicles publish their telemetry data (e.g. GPS Location, speed, odometer, fuel, etc) as messages in public topics. The backend also sends commands to the vehicles as MQTT posts in public topics. As a result, an attacker can access the confidential data of the entire fleet that is managed by the backend.
- The MQTT messages sent by the vehicles or the backend are not encrypted or authenticated. An attacker can create and post messages to impersonate a vehicle or the backend. The attacker could then, for example, send incorrect information to the backend about the vehicle's location.
- The backend can inject data into a vehicle´s CAN bus by sending a specific MQTT message on a public topic. Because these messages are not authenticated or encrypted, an attacker could impersonate the backend, create a fake message and inject CAN data in any vehicle managed by the backend.
The confirmed version is 201808021036, however further versions have been also identified as potentially impacted.
Which versions are affected by CVE-2023-3028?
It affects 1 product.
Products include Hopechart Hqt401 Firmware.
How do I fix CVE-2023-3028?
No fix has been published for CVE-2023-3028 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.
Upgrade, and check permissions on every request on the server, not only in the interface. More about Missing authorization.
Is CVE-2023-3028 being exploited?
There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-3028 in the wild and no public exploit code.
Sources
Also known as GHSA-2hp9-23ww-q73m.