# CVE-2023-31425: Privilege escalation via the fosexec command

> A local authenticated user can escalate privileges to root by breaking the rbash shell via the fosexec command in Brocade Fabric OS.

- **Severity:** High 7.8 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Local or same network only
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 1 Aug 2023
- **Updated:** 13 Feb 2025
- **Also known as:** GHSA-q587-8249-rxpr

## What is CVE-2023-31425?

CVE-2023-31425 is a high-severity vulnerability in Broadcom Fabric Operating System, published on 1 Aug 2023. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

A vulnerability in the fosexec command of Brocade Fabric OS after Brocade Fabric OS v9.1.0 and, before Brocade Fabric OS v9.1.1 could allow a local authenticated user to perform privilege escalation to root by breaking the rbash shell. Starting with Fabric OS v9.1.0, “root” account access is disabled.

Weakness: CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2023-31425?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Broadcom Fabric Operating System.

## How do I fix CVE-2023-31425?

No fix has been published for CVE-2023-31425 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2023-31425 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-31425 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in Broadcom Fabric Operating System

- [CVE-2025-1976](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-1976/): Broadcom Brocade Fabric OS Code Injection (high 8.6, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2021-22555](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-22555/): Linux Kernel Heap Out-of-Bounds Write (high 8.3, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2022-33186](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-33186/): Command injection in Brocade Fabric OS (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2021-27797](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-27797/): Hardcoded credentials in Brocade Fabric OS (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2020-15371](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2020-15371/): Code injection in Brocade Fabric OS (critical 9.8)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2023-31425 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2023-31425 is a high-severity vulnerability in Broadcom Fabric Operating System, published on 1 Aug 2023. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-31425 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: Broadcom Fabric Operating System. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-31425/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-31425/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-31425
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-31425
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2023-31425

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-31425/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.