# CVE-2023-33538: TP-Link Multiple Routers Command Injection

> Attackers can execute arbitrary commands on TP-Link wireless routers via a command injection vulnerability in the WLAN network configuration interface.

- **Severity:** High 8.8 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Yes, since 16 Jun 2025 (CISA KEV)
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 7 Jun 2023
- **Updated:** 20 Dec 2025
- **Also known as:** GHSA-49g9-8m2w-hfgg

## What is CVE-2023-33538?

CVE-2023-33538 is a high-severity command injection vulnerability in n/a, published on 7 Jun 2023. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

TP-Link TL-WR940N V2/V4, TL-WR841N V8/V10, and TL-WR740N V1/V2 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the component /userRpm/WlanNetworkRpm .

Weakness: CWE-77 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2023-33538?

It affects 3 products.


Products: Tp-Link Tl-Wr740n Firmware, Tp-Link Tl-Wr841n Firmware, Tp-Link Tl-Wr940n Firmware.

## How do I fix CVE-2023-33538?

No fix has been published for CVE-2023-33538 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available. US federal agencies must fix it by 7 Jul 2025.

## Is CVE-2023-33538 being exploited?

Yes. Attackers have exploited CVE-2023-33538 in the wild since at least 16 Jun 2025.

Public exploit code:

- Python Exploit for TP-Link TL-WR940N/TL-WR841N Command Injection Vulnerability (github_poc): https://github.com/explxx/CVE-2023-33538
- CVE-2023-33538 - TP-Link Command Injection Ruby module for Metasploit Framework  (github_poc): https://github.com/mrowkoob/CVE-2023-33538-msf
- rediscovered tplink nday xp (CVE-2023-33538) (github_poc): https://github.com/eev4n/tplink-osci

## Other vulnerabilities in n/a

- [CVE-2023-33536](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-33536/): Memory corruption in n/a (high 8.1)
- [CVE-2023-33537](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-33537/): Memory corruption in n/a (high 8.1)
- [CVE-2023-36356](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-36356/): Denial of service in n/a (high 7.7)
- [CVE-2023-36354](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-36354/): Memory corruption in n/a (high 7.5)
- [CVE-2022-4296](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-4296/): TP-Link TL-WR740N ARP resource consumption (medium 6.5)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2023-33538 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2023-33538 is a high-severity command injection vulnerability in n/a, published on 7 Jun 2023. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: Yes. Attackers have exploited CVE-2023-33538 in the wild since at least 16 Jun 2025.

Affected product: n/a. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-33538/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-33538/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-33538
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-33538
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2023-33538

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From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-33538/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.