# CVE-2023-3939: Multiple command injection in ZkTeco-based OEM devices

> Attackers can execute arbitrary OS commands with superuser privileges on ZkTeco-based OEM devices, leading to full system compromise.

- **Severity:** Critical 10.0 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 21 May 2024
- **Updated:** 2 Aug 2024
- **Also known as:** GHSA-mvc4-fr9f-g4j8

## What is CVE-2023-3939?

CVE-2023-3939 is a critical command injection vulnerability in ZkTeco-based OEM devices with firmware ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0, published on 21 May 2024. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS 
Command Injection') vulnerability in ZkTeco-based OEM devices allows OS 
Command Injection. 
Since all the found command implementations are executed from the 
superuser, their impact is the maximum possible.
This issue affects 
ZkTeco-based OEM devices (ZkTeco ProFace X, Smartec ST-FR043, Smartec 
ST-FR041ME and possibly others) with the ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0 
and possibly other.

Weakness: CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2023-3939?


## How do I fix CVE-2023-3939?

No fix has been published for CVE-2023-3939 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2023-3939 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-3939 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2023-3939 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2023-3939 is a critical command injection vulnerability in ZkTeco-based OEM devices with firmware ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0, published on 21 May 2024. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-3939 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: ZkTeco-based OEM devices with firmware ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-3939/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-3939/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-3939
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-3939
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2023-3939

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-3939/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.