# CVE-2023-39661: PandasAI vulnerable to arbitrary code execution

> Remote attackers can execute arbitrary code in pandas-ai via the _is_jailbreak function, requiring an upgrade to secure the library.

- **Severity:** Critical 9.8 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 15 Aug 2023
- **Updated:** 8 Oct 2024
- **Also known as:** GHSA-8fp9-43pw-56vw, PYSEC-2026-447

## What is CVE-2023-39661?

CVE-2023-39661 is a critical code injection vulnerability in n/a, published on 15 Aug 2023. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

An issue in pandas-ai v.0.9.1 and before allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the _is_jailbreak function.

Weakness: CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2023-39661?

3 open source packages ship an affected version, including pandasai. It affects 1 product.


| Package | Ecosystem | Affected | Fixed in |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `pandasai` | PyPI | All versions to 0.8.1 | None |
| `pandasai` | PyPI | All versions to 0.8.1 | None |
| `pandasai` | PyPI | All versions to 0.8.1 | None |

Products: Gabrieleventuri Pandasai.

## How do I fix CVE-2023-39661?

No fix has been published for CVE-2023-39661 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2023-39661 being exploited?

It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2023-39661 exists.

## Other vulnerabilities in n/a

- [CVE-2024-23752](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-23752/): Code execution in pandasai (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2023-39660](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-39660/): pandasai vulnerable to prompt injection (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2026-30273](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-30273/): SQL injection in n/a (high 7.3)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2023-39661 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2023-39661 is a critical code injection vulnerability in n/a, published on 15 Aug 2023. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2023-39661 exists.

Affected packages and fixed versions:
- pandasai (PyPI): affected all versions up to 0.8.1; no fix listed
- pandasai (PyPI): affected all versions up to 0.8.1; no fix listed
- pandasai (PyPI): affected all versions up to 0.8.1; no fix listed

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-39661/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-39661/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-39661
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39661
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2023-39661

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-39661/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.