# CVE-2023-41331: SOFARPC Remote Command Execution (RCE) Vulnerability

> Attackers can achieve remote code execution via JNDI injection or command execution due to an incomplete deserialization blacklist in SOFARPC.

- **Severity:** Critical 9.8 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 12 Sep 2023
- **Updated:** 25 Sep 2024
- **Also known as:** GHSA-chv2-7hxj-2j86

## What is CVE-2023-41331?

CVE-2023-41331 is a critical unsafe deserialization vulnerability in sofastack sofa-rpc, published on 12 Sep 2023. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

SOFARPC is a Java RPC framework. Versions prior to 5.11.0 are vulnerable to remote command execution. Through a carefully
crafted payload, an attacker can achieve JNDI injection or system command execution. In the default configuration of the SOFARPC framework, a blacklist is used to filter out dangerous classes encountered during the deserialization process. However, the blacklist is not comprehensive, and an actor can exploit certain native JDK classes and common third-party packages to construct gadget chains capable of achieving JNDI injection or system command execution attacks. Version 5.11.0 contains a fix for this issue. As a workaround, users can add `-Drpc_serialize_blacklist_override=javax.sound.sampled.AudioFileFormat` to the blacklist.

Weakness: CWE-917 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an Expression Language Statement)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2023-41331?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Sofastack Sofarpc.

## How do I fix CVE-2023-41331?

No fix has been published for CVE-2023-41331 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2023-41331 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-41331 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in sofastack sofa-rpc

- [CVE-2024-23636](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-23636/): SOFARPC Remote Command Execution(RCE) Vulnerbility (critical 9.8)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2023-41331 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2023-41331 is a critical unsafe deserialization vulnerability in sofastack sofa-rpc, published on 12 Sep 2023. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-41331 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: sofastack sofa-rpc. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-41331/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-41331/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-41331
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41331
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2023-41331

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-41331/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.