# CVE-2023-49254: Command injection in the network test tools

> Authenticated users can execute arbitrary root commands via the network test tool destination field, bypassing client-side restrictions.

- **Severity:** High 8.8 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 12 Jan 2024
- **Updated:** 20 Jun 2025
- **Also known as:** GHSA-9pqq-c77f-g45f

## What is CVE-2023-49254?

CVE-2023-49254 is a high-severity command injection vulnerability in Hongdian H8951-4G-ESP, published on 12 Jan 2024. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

Authenticated user can execute arbitrary commands in the context of the root user by providing payload in the "destination" field of the network test tools. This is similar to the vulnerability CVE-2021-28151 mitigated on the user interface level by blacklisting characters with JavaScript, however, it can still be exploited by sending POST requests directly.

Weakness: CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2023-49254?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Hongdian H8951-4g-Esp Firmware.

## How do I fix CVE-2023-49254?

No fix has been published for CVE-2023-49254 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2023-49254 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-49254 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in Hongdian H8951-4G-ESP

- [CVE-2023-49253](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-49253/): Predefined root password (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2023-49255](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-49255/): Router console accessible without authentication (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2023-49262](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-49262/): Buffer overflow vulnerability in Cookie authentication field (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2023-49257](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-49257/): Command execution using the certificate upload utility (high 8.8)
- [CVE-2023-49256](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-49256/): Predictable encryption passphrase used in publicly accessible configuration file (high 7.5)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2023-49254 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2023-49254 is a high-severity command injection vulnerability in Hongdian H8951-4G-ESP, published on 12 Jan 2024. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-49254 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: Hongdian H8951-4G-ESP. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-49254/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-49254/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-49254
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-49254
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2023-49254

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-49254/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.