CVE-2023-54235 PCI/DOE: Fix destroy_work_on_stack() race
A race condition in the Linux kernel PCI DOE driver can cause a kernel warning and potential denial of service.
- Exploited in the wild
- Not known
- Login needed
- Not needed
- Attackable
- Local or same network only
- Victim action needed
- Not needed
- Fix
- Available
What is CVE-2023-54235?
CVE-2023-54235 is a vulnerability in Linux, published on 30 Dec 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Official description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
PCI/DOE: Fix destroy_work_on_stack() race
The following debug object splat was observed in testing:
ODEBUG: free active (active state 0) object: 0000000097d23782 object type: work_struct hint: doe_statemachine_work+0x0/0x510 WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 71 at lib/debugobjects.c:514 debug_print_object+0x7d/0xb0 ... Workqueue: pci 0000:36:00.0 DOE [1 doe_statemachine_work RIP: 0010:debug_print_object+0x7d/0xb0 ... Call Trace: ? debug_print_object+0x7d/0xb0 ? __pfx_doe_statemachine_work+0x10/0x10 debug_object_free.part.0+0x11b/0x150 doe_statemachine_work+0x45e/0x510 process_one_work+0x1d4/0x3c0
This occurs because destroy_work_on_stack() was called after signaling the completion in the calling thread. This creates a race between destroy_work_on_stack() and the task->work struct going out of scope in pci_doe().
Signal the work complete after destroying the work struct. This is safe because signal_task_complete() is the final thing the work item does and the workqueue code is careful not to access the work struct after.
Which versions are affected by CVE-2023-54235?
How do I fix CVE-2023-54235?
Apply the vendor's patch.
Is CVE-2023-54235 being exploited?
There is no known exploitation of CVE-2023-54235 in the wild and no public exploit code.
Sources
Also known as BELL-CVE-2023-54235, DEBIAN-CVE-2023-54235, GHSA-68j8-v58c-g6h7, UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54235.