# CVE-2024-10525: Eclipse Mosquito: Heap Buffer Overflow in my_subscribe_callback

> A malicious MQTT broker can trigger a heap buffer overflow in libmosquitto clients via crafted SUBACK packets, potentially leading to code execution or crashes.

- **Severity:** High 7.2 (`CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 30 Oct 2024
- **Updated:** 3 Nov 2025
- **Also known as:** BELL-CVE-2024-10525, DEBIAN-CVE-2024-10525, GHSA-cm54-mprw-5279, ROOT-OS-ALPINE-318-CVE-2024-10525, ROOT-OS-ALPINE-320-CVE-2024-10525, UBUNTU-CVE-2024-10525

## What is CVE-2024-10525?

CVE-2024-10525 is a high-severity memory corruption vulnerability in Eclipse Foundation mosquitto, published on 30 Oct 2024. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

In Eclipse Mosquitto, from version 1.3.2 through 2.0.18, if a malicious broker sends a crafted SUBACK packet with no reason codes, a client using libmosquitto may make out of bounds memory access when acting in its on_subscribe callback. This affects the mosquitto_sub and mosquitto_rr clients.

Weakness: CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write), CWE-122 (Heap-based Buffer Overflow)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2024-10525?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Eclipse Mosquitto.

## How do I fix CVE-2024-10525?

Upgrade to a fixed version.

## Is CVE-2024-10525 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2024-10525 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in Eclipse Foundation mosquitto

- [CVE-2018-12550](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2018-12550/): Auth bypass in Eclipse Mosquitto (high 8.1)
- [CVE-2018-12551](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2018-12551/): Auth bypass in Eclipse Mosquitto (high 8.1)
- [CVE-2023-5632](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-5632/): Unconditionally adding an event to the epoll causes excessive CPU consumption (high 7.5)
- [CVE-2023-28366](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-28366/): Denial of service in n/a (high 7.5)
- [CVE-2021-41039](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-41039/): Denial of service in Eclipse Mosquitto (high 7.5)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2024-10525 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2024-10525 is a high-severity memory corruption vulnerability in Eclipse Foundation mosquitto, published on 30 Oct 2024. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2024-10525 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: Eclipse Foundation mosquitto. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-10525/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-10525/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-10525
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10525
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2024-10525

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-10525/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.