# CVE-2024-1086: Linux Kernel Use-After-Free

> A use-after-free in the Linux kernel netfilter component allows local attackers to escalate privileges.

- **Severity:** High 7.8 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Yes, since 30 May 2024 (CISA KEV), used in ransomware
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Local or same network only
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 31 Jan 2024
- **Updated:** 7 Aug 2026
- **Also known as:** AZL-34155, AZL-34874, BELL-CVE-2024-1086, CLSA-2025-1744372501, DEBIAN-CVE-2024-1086, GHSA-gfh2-2mj9-m2cx, RHSA-2024:3318, RHSA-2024:3427, RHSA-2024:3805, RHSA-2024:4073, RHSA-2024:4074, RHSA-2024:4075, SUSE-SU-2024:1373-1, SUSE-SU-2024:1401-1, UBUNTU-CVE-2024-1086

## What is CVE-2024-1086?

CVE-2024-1086 is a high-severity use after free vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 31 Jan 2024. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

A use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux kernel's netfilter: nf_tables component can be exploited to achieve local privilege escalation.

The nft_verdict_init() function allows positive values as drop error within the hook verdict, and hence the nf_hook_slow() function can cause a double free vulnerability when NF_DROP is issued with a drop error which resembles NF_ACCEPT.

We recommend upgrading past commit f342de4e2f33e0e39165d8639387aa6c19dff660.

Weakness: CWE-416 (Use After Free)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2024-1086?

It affects 18 products.


| Package | Ecosystem | Affected | Fixed in |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `kpatch-patch-3_10_0-1160_105_1` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server | All versions | 0:1-4.el7 |
| `kpatch-patch-3_10_0-1160_105_1-debuginfo` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server | All versions | 0:1-4.el7 |
| `kpatch-patch-3_10_0-1160_108_1` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server | All versions | 0:1-3.el7 |
| `kpatch-patch-3_10_0-1160_108_1-debuginfo` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server | All versions | 0:1-3.el7 |
| `bpftool` | Red Hat:rhel_aus:7.6::server | All versions | 0:3.10.0-957.113.1.el7 |
| `kernel` | Red Hat:rhel_aus:7.6::server | All versions | 0:3.10.0-957.113.1.el7 |
| `kernel-abi-whitelists` | Red Hat:rhel_aus:7.6::server | All versions | 0:3.10.0-957.113.1.el7 |
| `kernel-debug` | Red Hat:rhel_aus:7.6::server | All versions | 0:3.10.0-957.113.1.el7 |
| `kernel-debug-debuginfo` | Red Hat:rhel_aus:7.6::server | All versions | 0:3.10.0-957.113.1.el7 |
| `kernel-debug-devel` | Red Hat:rhel_aus:7.6::server | All versions | 0:3.10.0-957.113.1.el7 |
| `kernel-debuginfo` | Red Hat:rhel_aus:7.6::server | All versions | 0:3.10.0-957.113.1.el7 |
| `kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64` | Red Hat:rhel_aus:7.6::server | All versions | 0:3.10.0-957.113.1.el7 |
| `kernel-devel` | Red Hat:rhel_aus:7.6::server | All versions | 0:3.10.0-957.113.1.el7 |
| `kernel-doc` | Red Hat:rhel_aus:7.6::server | All versions | 0:3.10.0-957.113.1.el7 |
| `kernel-tools` | Red Hat:rhel_aus:7.6::server | All versions | 0:3.10.0-957.113.1.el7 |
| `kernel-tools-debuginfo` | Red Hat:rhel_aus:7.6::server | All versions | 0:3.10.0-957.113.1.el7 |
| `kernel-tools-libs` | Red Hat:rhel_aus:7.6::server | All versions | 0:3.10.0-957.113.1.el7 |
| `kernel-tools-libs-devel` | Red Hat:rhel_aus:7.6::server | All versions | 0:3.10.0-957.113.1.el7 |
| `perf` | Red Hat:rhel_aus:7.6::server | All versions | 0:3.10.0-957.113.1.el7 |
| `perf-debuginfo` | Red Hat:rhel_aus:7.6::server | All versions | 0:3.10.0-957.113.1.el7 |
| `python-perf` | Red Hat:rhel_aus:7.6::server | All versions | 0:3.10.0-957.113.1.el7 |
| `python-perf-debuginfo` | Red Hat:rhel_aus:7.6::server | All versions | 0:3.10.0-957.113.1.el7 |
| `kpatch-patch-4_18_0-305_114_1` | Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.4::baseos | All versions | 0:1-3.el8_4 |
| `kpatch-patch-4_18_0-305_114_1-debuginfo` | Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.4::baseos | All versions | 0:1-3.el8_4 |
| `kpatch-patch-4_18_0-305_114_1-debugsource` | Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.4::baseos | All versions | 0:1-3.el8_4 |
| `kpatch-patch-4_18_0-305_120_1` | Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.4::baseos | All versions | 0:1-2.el8_4 |
| `kpatch-patch-4_18_0-305_120_1-debuginfo` | Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.4::baseos | All versions | 0:1-2.el8_4 |
| `kpatch-patch-4_18_0-305_120_1-debugsource` | Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.4::baseos | All versions | 0:1-2.el8_4 |
| `kpatch-patch-4_18_0-372_80_1` | Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.6::baseos | All versions | 0:1-4.el8_6 |
| `kpatch-patch-4_18_0-372_80_1-debuginfo` | Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.6::baseos | All versions | 0:1-4.el8_6 |
| `kpatch-patch-4_18_0-372_80_1-debugsource` | Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.6::baseos | All versions | 0:1-4.el8_6 |
| `kpatch-patch-4_18_0-372_87_1` | Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.6::baseos | All versions | 0:1-3.el8_6 |
| `kpatch-patch-4_18_0-372_87_1-debuginfo` | Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.6::baseos | All versions | 0:1-3.el8_6 |
| `kpatch-patch-4_18_0-372_87_1-debugsource` | Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.6::baseos | All versions | 0:1-3.el8_6 |
| `kpatch-patch-4_18_0-372_91_1` | Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.6::baseos | All versions | 0:1-2.el8_6 |
| `kpatch-patch-4_18_0-372_91_1-debuginfo` | Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.6::baseos | All versions | 0:1-2.el8_6 |
| `kpatch-patch-4_18_0-372_91_1-debugsource` | Red Hat:rhel_e4s:8.6::baseos | All versions | 0:1-2.el8_6 |
| `kpatch-patch-5_14_0-70_80_1` | Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::baseos | All versions | 0:1-4.el9_0 |
| `kpatch-patch-5_14_0-70_80_1-debuginfo` | Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::baseos | All versions | 0:1-4.el9_0 |
| `kpatch-patch-5_14_0-70_80_1-debugsource` | Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::baseos | All versions | 0:1-4.el9_0 |

Products: Debian Debian Linux, Fedoraproject Fedora, Linux kernel, Netapp 500f Firmware, Netapp A250 Firmware, Netapp Bootstrap Os, Netapp C250 Firmware, Netapp H300s Firmware, Netapp H410c Firmware, Netapp H410s Firmware, Netapp H500s Firmware, Netapp H700s Firmware, Redhat Enterprise Linux Desktop, Redhat Enterprise Linux for Ibm Z Systems, Redhat Enterprise Linux for Power Big Endian, Redhat Enterprise Linux for Power Little Endian, Redhat Enterprise Linux Server, Redhat Enterprise Linux Workstation.

## How do I fix CVE-2024-1086?

Apply the vendor's patch. US federal agencies must fix it by 20 Jun 2024.

## Is CVE-2024-1086 being exploited?

Yes. Attackers have exploited CVE-2024-1086 in the wild since at least 30 May 2024, including in ransomware campaigns.

Public exploit code:

- Universal local privilege escalation Proof-of-Concept exploit for CVE-2024-1086, working on most Linux kernels between v5.14 and v6.6, including Debian, Ubuntu, and KernelCTF. The success rate is 99.4% in KernelCTF images. (github_poc): https://github.com/Notselwyn/CVE-2024-1086
- https://github.com/LLfam/CVE-2024-1086 (github_poc): https://github.com/LLfam/CVE-2024-1086
- https://github.com/Alicey0719/docker-POC_CVE-2024-1086 (github_poc): https://github.com/Alicey0719/docker-POC_CVE-2024-1086
- https://github.com/kevcooper/CVE-2024-1086-checker (github_poc): https://github.com/kevcooper/CVE-2024-1086-checker
- Technical analysis and proof-of-concept for CVE-2024-1086, a Linux kernel nf_tables use-after-free vulnerability leading to local privilege escalation. Includes vulnerability breakdown, affected versions, exploitation methodology, and mitigation guidance for research and educational purposes. (github_poc): https://github.com/sandesh9978/cve-2024-1086-lpe
- HTB OneTwoSeven full walkthrough: deterministic creds, chroot symlink escape, rewrite-rule bypass RCE, CVE-2024-1086 to root (github_poc): https://github.com/dopaminauta/onetwoseven-writeup

## Other vulnerabilities in Debian Debian Linux

- [CVE-2015-3306](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2015-3306/): ProFTPD Improper Access Control (critical 10.0, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2025-49113](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-49113/): RoundCube Webmail Deserialization of Untrusted Data (critical 9.9, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2026-24061](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-24061/): GNU InetUtils Argument Injection (critical 9.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2025-39682](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-39682/): Linux Kernel Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions (critical 9.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2024-9680](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-9680/): Mozilla Firefox Use-After-Free (critical 9.8, exploited in the wild)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2024-1086 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2024-1086 is a high-severity use after free vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 31 Jan 2024. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: Yes. Attackers have exploited CVE-2024-1086 in the wild since at least 30 May 2024, including in ransomware campaigns.

Affected product: Debian Debian Linux. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-1086/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-1086/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-1086
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-1086
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2024-1086

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-1086/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.