# CVE-2024-28117: Grav vulnerable to Server Side Template Injection (SSTI)

> Attackers can bypass validation to execute arbitrary code and escalate privileges via Twig injection in Grav CMS.

- **Severity:** High 8.8 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 21 Mar 2024
- **Updated:** 13 Aug 2024
- **Also known as:** GHSA-qfv4-q44r-g7rv

## What is CVE-2024-28117?

CVE-2024-28117 is a high-severity code injection vulnerability in Getgrav Grav, published on 21 Mar 2024. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

Grav is an open-source, flat-file content management system. Prior to version 1.7.45, Grav validates accessible functions through the Utils::isDangerousFunction function, but does not impose restrictions on twig functions like twig_array_map, allowing attackers to bypass the validation and execute arbitrary commands. Twig processing of static pages can be enabled in the front matter by any administrative user allowed to create or edit pages. As the Twig processor runs unsandboxed, this behavior can be used to gain arbitrary code execution and elevate privileges on the instance. Upgrading to patched version 1.7.45 can mitigate this issue.

Weakness: CWE-94 (Improper Control of Generation of Code)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2024-28117?

2 open source packages ship an affected version, including getgrav/grav. It affects 1 product.


| Package | Ecosystem | Affected | Fixed in |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `getgrav/grav` | Packagist | All versions | 1.7.45 |
| `getgrav/grav` | Packagist | All versions | 1.7.45 |

Products: Getgrav Grav.

## How do I fix CVE-2024-28117?

Upgrade getgrav/grav to 1.7.45 or later.

## Is CVE-2024-28117 being exploited?

It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2024-28117 exists.

## Other vulnerabilities in Getgrav Grav

- [CVE-2023-34251](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-34251/): Grav Server Side Template Injection vulnerability (critical 10.0)
- [CVE-2025-46199](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-46199/): Cross-site scripting in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2021-47812](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-47812/): GravCMS 1.10.7 - Arbitrary YAML Write/Update (Unauthenticated) (2) (critical 9.3)
- [CVE-2025-66844](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-66844/): Grav may be vulnerable to SSRF attack via Twig Templates (critical 9.1)
- [CVE-2022-2073](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-2073/): Code Injection in getgrav/grav (critical 9.1)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2024-28117 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2024-28117 is a high-severity code injection vulnerability in Getgrav Grav, published on 21 Mar 2024. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2024-28117 exists.

Affected packages and fixed versions:
- getgrav/grav (Packagist): affected all versions; fixed in 1.7.45
- getgrav/grav (Packagist): affected all versions; fixed in 1.7.45

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-28117/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-28117/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-28117
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28117
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2024-28117

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-28117/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.