# CVE-2024-29972: Command injection in NAS326 firmware

> Unauthenticated attackers can execute OS commands on Zyxel NAS devices via a crafted HTTP request to the remote help CGI program.

- **Severity:** Critical 9.8 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 4 Jun 2024
- **Updated:** 2 Aug 2024
- **Also known as:** GHSA-9c67-m3v4-35rv

## What is CVE-2024-29972?

CVE-2024-29972 is a critical command injection vulnerability in Zyxel NAS326 firmware, published on 4 Jun 2024. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED **
The command injection vulnerability in the CGI program "remote_help-cgi" in Zyxel NAS326 firmware versions before V5.21(AAZF.17)C0 and NAS542 firmware versions before V5.21(ABAG.14)C0 could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute some operating system (OS) commands by sending a crafted HTTP POST request.

Weakness: CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2024-29972?

It affects 2 products.


Products: Zyxel Nas326 Firmware, Zyxel Nas542 Firmware.

## How do I fix CVE-2024-29972?

No fix has been published for CVE-2024-29972 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2024-29972 being exploited?

It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2024-29972 exists.

Public exploit code:

- This is a proof of concept for the Zyxel vulnerabilities I found. Read the blog :) (github_poc): https://github.com/Pommaq/CVE-2024-29972-CVE-2024-29976-CVE-2024-29973-CVE-2024-29975-CVE-2024-29974-poc
- https://github.com/WanLiChangChengWanLiChang/CVE-2024-29972 (github_poc): https://github.com/WanLiChangChengWanLiChang/CVE-2024-29972
- Zyxel NAS326 Firmware < V5.21(AAZF.17)C0 - NsaRescueAngel Backdoor Account (nuclei): http/cves/2024/CVE-2024-29972.yaml

## Other vulnerabilities in Zyxel NAS326 firmware

- [CVE-2023-27992](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-27992/): Zyxel Multiple NAS Devices Command Injection (critical 9.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2024-6342](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-6342/): Command injection in NAS326 firmware (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2024-29973](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-29973/): Command injection in NAS326 firmware (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2024-29974](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-29974/): File upload in NAS326 firmware (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2023-35138](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-35138/): Command injection in NAS326 firmware (critical 9.8)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2024-29972 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2024-29972 is a critical command injection vulnerability in Zyxel NAS326 firmware, published on 4 Jun 2024. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2024-29972 exists.

Affected product: Zyxel NAS326 firmware. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-29972/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-29972/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-29972
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-29972
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2024-29972

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-29972/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.