{"answers":{"affected":"4 open source packages ship an affected version, including puma. It affects 1 product.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2024-45614 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Upgrade puma to a fixed version for your release line: 5.6.9 or 6.4.3.","what":"CVE-2024-45614 is a medium-severity vulnerability in puma, published on 19 Sep 2024. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2024-45614 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2024-45614 is a medium-severity vulnerability in puma, published on 19 Sep 2024. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2024-45614 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected packages and fixed versions:\n- puma (RubyGems): affected all versions; fixed in 5.6.9\n- puma (RubyGems): affected all versions; fixed in 5.6.9\n- puma (RubyGems): affected from 6.0.0; fixed in 6.4.3\n- puma (RubyGems): affected from 6.0.0; fixed in 6.4.3\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-45614/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-45614/index.md)","id":"CVE-2024-45614","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-45614/index.md","name":"CVE-2024-45614","record":{"aliases":["DEBIAN-CVE-2024-45614","GHSA-9hf4-67fc-4vf4","OESA-2024-2249","OESA-2024-2251","UBUNTU-CVE-2024-45614","USN-7031-1","USN-7031-2","openSUSE-SU-2024:14474-1"],"analysis":{"component_type":"server_software","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["security_bypass"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Ruby web server","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Attackers can bypass proxy-set security headers by using underscore variants, potentially spoofing IP addresses or other trusted metadata.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"security_feature_bypass"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"GitHub_M","cpe":[{"product":"puma","vendor":"puma"}],"cvss":{"score":5.4,"severity":"medium","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-444","name":"Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests"},{"id":"CWE-639","name":"Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key"}],"description":"Puma is a Ruby/Rack web server built for parallelism. In affected versions clients could clobber values set by intermediate proxies (such as X-Forwarded-For) by providing a underscore version of the same header (X-Forwarded_For). Any users relying on proxy set variables is affected. v6.4.3/v5.6.9 now discards any headers using underscores if the non-underscore version also exists. Effectively, allowing the proxy defined headers to always win. Users are advised to upgrade. Nginx has a underscores_in_headers configuration variable to discard these headers at the proxy level as a mitigation. Any users that are implicitly trusting the proxy defined headers for security should immediately cease doing so until upgraded to the fixed versions.","ecosystems":["RubyGems","openSUSE:Tumbleweed"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":"2024-09-28","github_poc":1,"max_poc_stars":0,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[{"date":"2024-09-28T06:29:00Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/ooooooo-q/puma_header_normalization-CVE-2024-45614","stars":0,"title":"Puma Header normalization CVE-2024-45614 確認"}],"tier":"poc_unverified"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"Header normalization allows for client to clobber proxy set headers in Puma","id":"CVE-2024-45614","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","product":null,"products":[],"type":"security_feature_bypass","year":"2024"},"n_packages":5,"n_references":2,"next":{"headline":"Libopensc: pkcs15init: usage of uninitialized values in libopensc and pkcs15init","id":"CVE-2024-45615"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","fixed":["5.6.9"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"puma","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-9hf4-67fc-4vf4"},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","fixed":["5.6.9"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"puma","purl":"pkg:gem/puma","source":"GHSA-9hf4-67fc-4vf4"},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","fixed":["6.4.3"],"introduced":["6.0.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"puma","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-9hf4-67fc-4vf4"},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","fixed":["6.4.3"],"introduced":["6.0.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"puma","purl":"pkg:gem/puma","source":"GHSA-9hf4-67fc-4vf4"},{"ecosystem":"openSUSE:Tumbleweed","fixed":["6.4.3-1.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"rubygem-puma","purl":"pkg:rpm/opensuse/rubygem-puma\u0026distro=openSUSE%20Tumbleweed","source":"openSUSE-SU-2024:14474-1"}],"prev":{"headline":"CKEditor 5 has Cross-site Scripting vulnerability in the clipboard package","id":"CVE-2024-45613"},"products":["puma"],"published":"2024-09-19","related":[{"cvss_score":7.3,"headline":"Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests in puma","id":"CVE-2023-40175","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2023-08-18"},{"cvss_score":6.5,"headline":"HTTP Response Splitting (Early Hints) in Puma","id":"CVE-2020-5249","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2020-03-02"},{"cvss_score":5.9,"headline":"HTTP Request/Response Smuggling in puma","id":"CVE-2024-21647","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2024-01-08"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"GitHub Advisory Database","prefix":"GHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"SUSE","prefix":"openSUSE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0","name":"PoC-in-GitHub"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"no","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"partial"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2025-11-03","vendors":["puma"]},"summary":"Attackers can bypass proxy-set security headers by using underscore variants, potentially spoofing IP addresses or other trusted metadata.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-45614/"}