# CVE-2024-45777: Grub2: grub-core/gettext: integer overflow leads to heap oob write.

> An integer overflow in GRUB2 allows attackers to overwrite heap data and bypass Secure Boot protections via malicious language files.

- **Severity:** Medium 6.7 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** An administrator
- **Attackable:** Local or same network only
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 19 Feb 2025
- **Updated:** 21 Oct 2026
- **Also known as:** ALSA-2025:20532, AZL-56901, AZL-56992, BELL-CVE-2024-45777, DEBIAN-CVE-2024-45777, GHSA-5hp2-x786-x3fq, RHSA-2025:20532, RLSA-2025:20532, UBUNTU-CVE-2024-45777

## What is CVE-2024-45777?

CVE-2024-45777 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Redhat Enterprise Linux, published on 19 Feb 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

A flaw was found in grub2. The calculation of the translation buffer when reading a language .mo file in grub_gettext_getstr_from_position() may overflow, leading to a Out-of-bound write. This issue can be leveraged by an attacker to overwrite grub2's sensitive heap data, eventually leading to the circumvention of secure boot protections.

Weakness: CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2024-45777?

It affects 3 products.


| Package | Ecosystem | Affected | Fixed in |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `grub2-common` | AlmaLinux:9 | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7.alma.1 |
| `grub2-efi-aa64` | AlmaLinux:9 | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7.alma.1 |
| `grub2-efi-aa64-cdboot` | AlmaLinux:9 | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7.alma.1 |
| `grub2-efi-aa64-modules` | AlmaLinux:9 | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7.alma.1 |
| `grub2-efi-x64` | AlmaLinux:9 | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7.alma.1 |
| `grub2-efi-x64-cdboot` | AlmaLinux:9 | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7.alma.1 |
| `grub2-efi-x64-modules` | AlmaLinux:9 | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7.alma.1 |
| `grub2-pc` | AlmaLinux:9 | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7.alma.1 |
| `grub2-pc-modules` | AlmaLinux:9 | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7.alma.1 |
| `grub2-ppc64le` | AlmaLinux:9 | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7.alma.1 |
| `grub2-ppc64le-modules` | AlmaLinux:9 | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7.alma.1 |
| `grub2-tools` | AlmaLinux:9 | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7.alma.1 |
| `grub2-tools-efi` | AlmaLinux:9 | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7.alma.1 |
| `grub2-tools-extra` | AlmaLinux:9 | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7.alma.1 |
| `grub2-tools-minimal` | AlmaLinux:9 | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7.alma.1 |
| `grub2` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-common` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-debuginfo` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-debugsource` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-efi-aa64` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-efi-aa64-cdboot` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-efi-aa64-modules` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-efi-x64` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-efi-x64-cdboot` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-efi-x64-modules` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-emu-debuginfo` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-pc` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-pc-modules` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-ppc64le` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-ppc64le-modules` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-tools` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-tools-debuginfo` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-tools-efi` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-tools-efi-debuginfo` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-tools-extra` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-tools-extra-debuginfo` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-tools-minimal` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2-tools-minimal-debuginfo` | Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7 |
| `grub2` | Rocky Linux:9 | All versions | 1:2.06-114.el9_7.0.1 |

Products: Gnu Grub2, Redhat Enterprise Linux, Redhat Openshift.

## How do I fix CVE-2024-45777?

Apply the vendor's patch.

## Is CVE-2024-45777 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2024-45777 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in Redhat Enterprise Linux

- [CVE-2024-56737](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-56737/): Memory corruption in GRUB2 (high 8.8)
- [CVE-2022-28733](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-28733/): Integer underflow in grub_net_recv_ip4_packets (high 8.1)
- [CVE-2022-28734](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-28734/): Out-of-bounds write when handling split HTTP headers (high 8.1)
- [CVE-2025-61662](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-61662/): Grub2: missing unregister call for gettext command may lead to use-after-free (high 7.8)
- [CVE-2024-45782](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-45782/): Grub2: fs/hfs: strcpy() using the volume name (fs/hfs.c:382) (high 7.8)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2024-45777 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2024-45777 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Redhat Enterprise Linux, published on 19 Feb 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2024-45777 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: Redhat Enterprise Linux. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-45777/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-45777/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-45777
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-45777
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2024-45777

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-45777/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.