# CVE-2024-49358: ZimaOS vulnerable to Username Enumeration via API Responses

> Attackers can enumerate valid usernames via distinct API responses, facilitating targeted credential attacks on ZimaOS systems.

- **Severity:** Medium 5.3 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 24 Oct 2024
- **Updated:** 25 Oct 2024
- **Also known as:** GHSA-3f6g-8r88-3mx5

## What is CVE-2024-49358?

CVE-2024-49358 is a medium-severity vulnerability in IceWhaleTech ZimaOS, published on 24 Oct 2024. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

ZimaOS is a fork of CasaOS, an operating system for Zima devices and x86-64 systems with UEFI. In version 1.2.4 and all prior versions, the API endpoint `http://<Server-IP>/v1/users/login` in ZimaOS returns distinct responses based on whether a username exists or the password is incorrect. This behavior can be exploited for username enumeration, allowing attackers to determine whether a user exists in the system or not. Attackers can leverage this information in further attacks, such as credential stuffing or targeted password brute-forcing. As of time of publication, no known patched versions are available.

Weakness: CWE-203 (Observable Discrepancy)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2024-49358?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Zimaspace Zimaos.

## How do I fix CVE-2024-49358?

No fix has been published for CVE-2024-49358 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2024-49358 being exploited?

It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2024-49358 exists.

## Other vulnerabilities in IceWhaleTech ZimaOS

- [CVE-2026-21891](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-21891/): ZimaOS has Authentication Bypass via System-Level Username (critical 9.4)
- [CVE-2026-28798](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-28798/): Arbitrary internal service access via /v1/sys/proxy when Cloudflare Tunnel is enabled on ZimaOS (critical 9.1)
- [CVE-2026-28442](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-28442/): ZimaOS: Arbitrary Deletion of Internal System Files via API Path Manipulation (high 8.6)
- [CVE-2026-28286](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-28286/): ZimaOS: Unauthorized Creation of Files/Folders in Restricted System Directories via API (high 8.6)
- [CVE-2024-48931](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-48931/): ZimaOS Arbitrary File Read via Parameter Manipulation (high 7.5)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2024-49358 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2024-49358 is a medium-severity vulnerability in IceWhaleTech ZimaOS, published on 24 Oct 2024. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2024-49358 exists.

Affected product: IceWhaleTech ZimaOS. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-49358/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-49358/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-49358
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-49358
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2024-49358

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-49358/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.