# CVE-2024-52331: ECOVACS lawnmowers and vacuums deterministic firmware encryption key

> Attackers can install malicious firmware on ECOVACS robots due to deterministic encryption keys, enabling arbitrary code execution.

- **Severity:** High 7.7 (`CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** A user has to click or open something
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 23 Jan 2025
- **Updated:** 2 Oct 2025
- **Also known as:** GHSA-7qrq-v84x-p53g

## What is CVE-2024-52331?

CVE-2024-52331 is a high-severity vulnerability in ECOVACS Unspecified robots, published on 23 Jan 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.

### Official description

ECOVACS robot lawnmowers and vacuums use a deterministic symmetric key to decrypt firmware updates. An attacker can create and encrypt malicious firmware that will be successfully decrypted and installed by the robot.

Weakness: CWE-494 (Download of Code Without Integrity Check), CWE-327 (Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm), CWE-1391 (Use of Weak Credentials)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2024-52331?

It affects 14 products.


Products: Ecovacs Airbot Andy Firmware, Ecovacs Airbot Ava Firmware, Ecovacs Airbot Z1 Firmware, Ecovacs Deebot 900 Firmware, Ecovacs Deebot N10 Firmware, Ecovacs Deebot N8 Firmware, Ecovacs Deebot N9 Firmware, Ecovacs Deebot T10 Firmware, Ecovacs Deebot T20 Firmware, Ecovacs Deebot T8 Firmware, Ecovacs Deebot T9 Firmware, Ecovacs Deebot X1 Firmware, Ecovacs Deebot X2 Firmware, Ecovacs Goat G1 Firmware.

## How do I fix CVE-2024-52331?

No fix has been published for CVE-2024-52331 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2024-52331 being exploited?

It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2024-52331 exists.

## Other vulnerabilities in ECOVACS Unspecified robots

- [CVE-2024-11147](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-11147/): ECOVACS lawnmowers and vacuums deterministic root password (high 7.0)
- [CVE-2024-12078](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-12078/): ECOVACS lawnmowers and vacuums static BLE GATT encryption key (medium 5.3)
- [CVE-2024-12079](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-12079/): ECOVACS lawnmowers cleartext storage of anti-theft PIN (medium 4.8)
- [CVE-2024-52328](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-52328/): ECOVACS lawnmowers and vacuums insecurely store audio warning files (low 1.8)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2024-52331 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2024-52331 is a high-severity vulnerability in ECOVACS Unspecified robots, published on 23 Jan 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.
Exploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2024-52331 exists.

Affected product: ECOVACS Unspecified robots. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-52331/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-52331/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-52331
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-52331
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2024-52331

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-52331/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.