# CVE-2024-53228: riscv: kvm: Fix out-of-bounds array access

> An out-of-bounds array access in the RISC-V KVM subsystem allows attackers to cause denial of service or potentially execute code.

- **Severity:** High 7.8 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Local or same network only
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 27 Dec 2024
- **Updated:** 11 May 2026
- **Also known as:** BELL-CVE-2024-53228, DEBIAN-CVE-2024-53228, GHSA-cwp6-92gh-h7h8, UBUNTU-CVE-2024-53228

## What is CVE-2024-53228?

CVE-2024-53228 is a high-severity memory corruption vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 27 Dec 2024. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

riscv: kvm: Fix out-of-bounds array access

In kvm_riscv_vcpu_sbi_init() the entry->ext_idx can contain an
out-of-bound index. This is used as a special marker for the base
extensions, that cannot be disabled. However, when traversing the
extensions, that special marker is not checked prior indexing the
array.

Add an out-of-bounds check to the function.

Weakness: CWE-129 (Improper Validation of Array Index)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2024-53228?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Linux kernel.

## How do I fix CVE-2024-53228?

Apply the vendor's patch.

## Is CVE-2024-53228 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2024-53228 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in Linux kernel

- [CVE-2026-53266](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-53266/): Linux Kernel Out-of-Bounds Write (high 8.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2013-6282](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2013-6282/): Linux Kernel Improper Input Validation (high 8.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2022-0185](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-0185/): Linux Kernel Heap-Based Buffer Overflow (high 8.4, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2013-2094](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2013-2094/): Linux Kernel Privilege Escalation (high 8.4, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2026-53362](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-53362/): Linux Kernel Unspecified (high 7.8, exploited in the wild)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2024-53228 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2024-53228 is a high-severity memory corruption vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 27 Dec 2024. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2024-53228 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: Linux kernel. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-53228/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-53228/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-53228
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-53228
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2024-53228

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-53228/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.