# CVE-2024-57994: ptr_ring: do not block hard interrupts in ptr_ring_resize_multiple()

> A bug in the Linux kernel's ptr_ring resizing logic incorrectly blocked hard interrupts, potentially causing system instability or crashes.

- **Severity:** Medium 5.5 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Local or same network only
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 27 Feb 2025
- **Updated:** 11 May 2026
- **Also known as:** AZL-62568, BELL-CVE-2024-57994, DEBIAN-CVE-2024-57994, GHSA-gf8p-7594-m58r, ROOT-OS-UBUNTU-2404-CVE-2024-57994, UBUNTU-CVE-2024-57994

## What is CVE-2024-57994?

CVE-2024-57994 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 27 Feb 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ptr_ring: do not block hard interrupts in ptr_ring_resize_multiple()

Jakub added a lockdep_assert_no_hardirq() check in __page_pool_put_page()
to increase test coverage.

syzbot found a splat caused by hard irq blocking in
ptr_ring_resize_multiple() [1]

As current users of ptr_ring_resize_multiple() do not require
hard irqs being masked, replace it to only block BH.

Rename helpers to better reflect they are safe against BH only.

- ptr_ring_resize_multiple() to ptr_ring_resize_multiple_bh()
- skb_array_resize_multiple() to skb_array_resize_multiple_bh()

[1]

WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 9150 at net/core/page_pool.c:709 __page_pool_put_page net/core/page_pool.c:709 [inline]
WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 9150 at net/core/page_pool.c:709 page_pool_put_unrefed_netmem+0x157/0xa40 net/core/page_pool.c:780
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 9150 Comm: syz.1.1052 Not tainted 6.11.0-rc3-syzkaller-00202-gf8669d7b5f5d #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 08/06/2024
RIP: 0010:__page_pool_put_page net/core/page_pool.c:709 [inline]
RIP: 0010:page_pool_put_unrefed_netmem+0x157/0xa40 net/core/page_pool.c:780
Code: 74 0e e8 7c aa fb f7 eb 43 e8 75 aa fb f7 eb 3c 65 8b 1d 38 a8 6a 76 31 ff 89 de e8 a3 ae fb f7 85 db 74 0b e8 5a aa fb f7 90 <0f> 0b 90 eb 1d 65 8b 1d 15 a8 6a 76 31 ff 89 de e8 84 ae fb f7 85
RSP: 0018:ffffc9000bda6b58 EFLAGS: 00010083
RAX: ffffffff8997e523 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 0000000000040000
RDX: ffffc9000fbd0000 RSI: 0000000000001842 RDI: 0000000000001843
RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: ffffffff8997df2c R09: 1ffffd40003a000d
R10: dffffc0000000000 R11: fffff940003a000e R12: ffffea0001d00040
R13: ffff88802e8a4000 R14: dffffc0000000000 R15: 00000000ffffffff
FS:  00007fb7aaf716c0(0000) GS:ffff8880b9300000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 00007fa15a0d4b72 CR3: 00000000561b0000 CR4: 00000000003506f0
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 tun_ptr_free drivers/net/tun.c:617 [inline]
 __ptr_ring_swap_queue include/linux/ptr_ring.h:571 [inline]
 ptr_ring_resize_multiple_noprof include/linux/ptr_ring.h:643 [inline]
 tun_queue_resize drivers/net/tun.c:3694 [inline]
 tun_device_event+0xaaf/0x1080 drivers/net/tun.c:3714
 notifier_call_chain+0x19f/0x3e0 kernel/notifier.c:93
 call_netdevice_notifiers_extack net/core/dev.c:2032 [inline]
 call_netdevice_notifiers net/core/dev.c:2046 [inline]
 dev_change_tx_queue_len+0x158/0x2a0 net/core/dev.c:9024
 do_setlink+0xff6/0x41f0 net/core/rtnetlink.c:2923
 rtnl_setlink+0x40d/0x5a0 net/core/rtnetlink.c:3201
 rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x73f/0xcf0 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6647
 netlink_rcv_skb+0x1e3/0x430 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2550

Weakness: CWE-667 (Improper Locking)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2024-57994?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Linux kernel.

## How do I fix CVE-2024-57994?

Apply the vendor's patch.

## Is CVE-2024-57994 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2024-57994 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in Linux kernel

- [CVE-2026-53266](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-53266/): Linux Kernel Out-of-Bounds Write (high 8.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2013-6282](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2013-6282/): Linux Kernel Improper Input Validation (high 8.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2022-0185](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-0185/): Linux Kernel Heap-Based Buffer Overflow (high 8.4, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2013-2094](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2013-2094/): Linux Kernel Privilege Escalation (high 8.4, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2026-53362](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-53362/): Linux Kernel Unspecified (high 7.8, exploited in the wild)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2024-57994 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2024-57994 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 27 Feb 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2024-57994 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: Linux kernel. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-57994/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-57994/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-57994
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-57994
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2024-57994

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-57994/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.