CVE-2025-0678 Grub2: squash4: integer overflow may lead to heap based out-of-bounds write when reading data
An integer overflow in GRUB2's squash4 module allows heap-based out-of-bounds writes, potentially enabling arbitrary code execution and secure boot bypass.
- Exploited in the wild
- Not known
- Login needed
- Any signed-in user
- Attackable
- Local or same network only
- Victim action needed
- Not needed
- Fix
- Available
What is CVE-2025-0678?
CVE-2025-0678 is a high-severity vulnerability in Redhat Enterprise Linux, published on 3 Mar 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Official description
A flaw was found in grub2. When reading data from a squash4 filesystem, grub's squash4 fs module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem geometry to determine the internal buffer size, however, it improperly checks for integer overflows. A maliciously crafted filesystem may lead some of those buffer size calculations to overflow, causing it to perform a grub_malloc() operation with a smaller size than expected. As a result, the direct_read() will perform a heap based out-of-bounds write during data reading. This flaw may be leveraged to corrupt grub's internal critical data and may result in arbitrary code execution, by-passing secure boot protections.
Weakness: CWE-190
Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-0678?
It affects 3 products.
Products include Gnu Grub2, Redhat Enterprise Linux, Redhat Openshift Container Platform.
How do I fix CVE-2025-0678?
Apply the vendor's patch.
Is CVE-2025-0678 being exploited?
There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-0678 in the wild and no public exploit code.
Other vulnerabilities in Redhat Enterprise Linux
- CVE-2024-56737 Memory corruption in GRUB2
- CVE-2022-28733 Integer underflow in grub_net_recv_ip4_packets
- CVE-2022-28734 Out-of-bounds write when handling split HTTP headers
- CVE-2025-61662 Grub2: missing unregister call for gettext command may lead to use-after-free
- CVE-2024-45782 Grub2: fs/hfs: strcpy() using the volume name (fs/hfs.c:382)
Sources
Also known as AZL-57669, AZL-57703, BELL-CVE-2025-0678, DEBIAN-CVE-2025-0678, GHSA-q67r-p3hc-x2w9, UBUNTU-CVE-2025-0678.