CVE-2025-0689 Grub2: udf: heap based buffer overflow in grub_udf_read_block() may lead to arbitrary code execution
A heap-based buffer overflow in GRUB2's UDF module allows arbitrary code execution and secure boot bypass via a crafted filesystem image.
- Exploited in the wild
- Not known
- Login needed
- Not needed
- Attackable
- Local or same network only
- Victim action needed
- A user has to click or open something
- Fix
- Available
What is CVE-2025-0689?
CVE-2025-0689 is a high-severity memory corruption vulnerability in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10, published on 3 Mar 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.
Official description
When reading data from disk, the grub's UDF filesystem module utilizes the user controlled data length metadata to allocate its internal buffers. In certain scenarios, while iterating through disk sectors, it assumes the read size from the disk is always smaller than the allocated buffer size which is not guaranteed. A crafted filesystem image may lead to a heap-based buffer overflow resulting in critical data to be corrupted, resulting in the risk of arbitrary code execution by-passing secure boot protections.
Weakness: CWE-120
Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-0689?
It affects 1 product.
Products include Gnu Grub2.
How do I fix CVE-2025-0689?
Apply the vendor's patch.
Upgrade to the fixed version. Memory-safe languages, compiler hardening and fuzzing prevent most new cases. More about Memory corruption.
Is CVE-2025-0689 being exploited?
There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-0689 in the wild and no public exploit code.
Other vulnerabilities in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- CVE-2024-56737 Memory corruption in GRUB2
- CVE-2022-28733 Integer underflow in grub_net_recv_ip4_packets
- CVE-2022-28734 Out-of-bounds write when handling split HTTP headers
- CVE-2025-61662 Grub2: missing unregister call for gettext command may lead to use-after-free
- CVE-2024-45782 Grub2: fs/hfs: strcpy() using the volume name (fs/hfs.c:382)
Sources
Also known as AZL-57507, AZL-57551, BELL-CVE-2025-0689, CLSA-2026-1771332544, DEBIAN-CVE-2025-0689, GHSA-q7w8-q2f9-vcmh and 1 more.