CVE-2025-10230 Samba: command injection in wins server hook script
Unauthenticated attackers can execute arbitrary commands on Samba Active Directory Domain Controllers via unsanitized NetBIOS names in WINS registration packets.
- Exploited in the wild
- Not known
- Login needed
- Not needed
- Attackable
- Over the internet
- Victim action needed
- Not needed
- Fix
- Available
What is CVE-2025-10230?
CVE-2025-10230 is a critical command injection vulnerability in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10, published on 7 Nov 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Official description
A flaw was found in Samba, in the front-end WINS hook handling: NetBIOS names from registration packets are passed to a shell without proper validation or escaping. Unsanitized NetBIOS name data from WINS registration packets are inserted into a shell command and executed by the Samba Active Directory Domain Controller’s wins hook, allowing an unauthenticated network attacker to achieve remote command execution as the Samba process.
Weakness: CWE-78
Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-10230?
How do I fix CVE-2025-10230?
Apply the vendor's patch.
Upgrade, and pass arguments to programs as a list instead of through a shell. More about Command injection.
Is CVE-2025-10230 being exploited?
It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-10230 exists.
Public exploit code: 3 proofs of concept on GitHub.
Sources
Also known as ALPINE-CVE-2025-10230, AZL-69782, AZL-69830, CLSA-2026-1773050498, CLSA-2026-1773073974, CLSA-2026-1773667921 and 4 more.