CVE-2025-1094 PostgreSQL quoting APIs miss neutralizing quoting syntax in text that fails encoding validation

High 8.1 Published 13 Feb 2025 Updated 14 Mar 2025

Attackers can achieve SQL injection via improper quoting in libpq functions or CLI tools under specific encoding configurations, requiring upgrades.

Exploited in the wild: Not known
Login needed: Not needed
Attackable: Over the internet
Victim action needed: Not needed
Fix: Available

What is CVE-2025-1094?

CVE-2025-1094 is a high-severity SQL injection vulnerability in PostgreSQL, published on 13 Feb 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

Official description

Improper neutralization of quoting syntax in PostgreSQL libpq functions PQescapeLiteral(), PQescapeIdentifier(), PQescapeString(), and PQescapeStringConn() allows a database input provider to achieve SQL injection in certain usage patterns. Specifically, SQL injection requires the application to use the function result to construct input to psql, the PostgreSQL interactive terminal. Similarly, improper neutralization of quoting syntax in PostgreSQL command line utility programs allows a source of command line arguments to achieve SQL injection when client_encoding is BIG5 and server_encoding is one of EUC_TW or MULE_INTERNAL. Versions before PostgreSQL 17.3, 16.7, 15.11, 14.16, and 13.19 are affected.

Weakness: CWE-149

Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-1094?

1 open source package ship an affected version, including postgresql.

Package	Affected	Fixed in
`postgresql` Bitnami	All versions	`13.19.0, 14.16.0, 15.11.0, 16.7.0, 17.3.0`

Linux distribution packages (39)

`libpq` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`13.20-1.el8_10`
`libpq-devel` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`13.20-1.el8_10`
`pg_repack` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`1.4.6-3.module_el8.6.0+2760+1746ec94`
`pg_repack` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`1.4.6-3.module_el8.9.0+3704+f1f917ce`
`pg_repack` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`1.4.6-3.module_el8.9.0+3704+f1f917ce`
`pg_repack` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`1.4.8-1.module_el8.10.0+3798+606ebb9f`
`pg_repack` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`1.4.8-1.module_el8.9.0+3706+885c732e`
`pg_repack` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`1.5.1-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf33554`
`pgaudit` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`1.4.0-7.module_el8.10.0+3889+48cb11fb.alma.1`
`pgaudit` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`1.4.0-7.module_el8.9.0+3740+0e74851f.alma.1`
`pgaudit` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`1.5.0-1.module_el8.6.0+2760+1746ec94`
`pgaudit` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`1.5.0-1.module_el8.6.0+3095+ee60d910`
`pgaudit` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`1.7.0-1.module_el8.9.0+3706+885c732e`
`pgaudit` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`16.0-1.module_el8.10.0+3798+606ebb9f`
`postgres-decoderbufs` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`0.10.0-2.module_el8.6.0+2760+1746ec94`
`postgres-decoderbufs` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`0.10.0-2.module_el8.6.0+3095+ee60d910`
`postgres-decoderbufs` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`0.10.0-2.module_el8.9.0+3704+f1f917ce`
`postgres-decoderbufs` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`0.10.0-2.module_el8.9.0+3704+f1f917ce`
`postgres-decoderbufs` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`1.9.7-1.Final.module_el8.9.0+3706+885c732e`
`postgres-decoderbufs` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`2.4.0-1.Final.module_el8.10.0+3798+606ebb9f`
`postgresql` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`12.22-3.module_el8.10.0+3971+15b81305`
`postgresql` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`13.20-1.module_el8.10.0+3967+334cd65a`
`postgresql` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`15.12-1.module_el8.10.0+3968+5ca3d05a`
`postgresql` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`16.8-1.module_el8.10.0+3969+2c3c9353`
`postgresql-contrib` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`12.22-3.module_el8.10.0+3971+15b81305`
`postgresql-contrib` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`13.20-1.module_el8.10.0+3967+334cd65a`
`postgresql-contrib` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`15.12-1.module_el8.10.0+3968+5ca3d05a`
`postgresql-contrib` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`16.8-1.module_el8.10.0+3969+2c3c9353`
`postgresql-docs` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`12.22-3.module_el8.10.0+3971+15b81305`
`postgresql-docs` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`13.20-1.module_el8.10.0+3967+334cd65a`
`postgresql-docs` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`15.12-1.module_el8.10.0+3968+5ca3d05a`
`postgresql-docs` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`16.8-1.module_el8.10.0+3969+2c3c9353`
`postgresql-plperl` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`12.22-3.module_el8.10.0+3971+15b81305`
`postgresql-plperl` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`13.20-1.module_el8.10.0+3967+334cd65a`
`postgresql-plperl` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`15.12-1.module_el8.10.0+3968+5ca3d05a`
`postgresql-plperl` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`16.8-1.module_el8.10.0+3969+2c3c9353`
`postgresql-plpython3` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`12.22-3.module_el8.10.0+3971+15b81305`
`postgresql-plpython3` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`13.20-1.module_el8.10.0+3967+334cd65a`
`postgresql-plpython3` AlmaLinux:8	All versions	`15.12-1.module_el8.10.0+3968+5ca3d05a`

How do I fix CVE-2025-1094?

Upgrade postgresql to a fixed version for your release line: 13.19.0, 14.16.0, 15.11.0 or 16.7.0.

Use parameterised queries everywhere and never build SQL by joining strings. Upgrade affected software first; a web application firewall only buys time. More about SQL injection.

Is CVE-2025-1094 being exploited?

It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-1094 exists.

Public exploit code: 1 Metasploit module and 6 proofs of concept on GitHub.

Sources

Also known as ALPINE-CVE-2025-1094, ALSA-2025:1736, ALSA-2025:1737, ALSA-2025:1738, ALSA-2025:1739, ALSA-2025:1740 and 98 more.