{"answers":{"affected":"","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-10991 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"No fix has been published for CVE-2025-10991 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.","what":"CVE-2025-10991 is a high-severity authentication bypass vulnerability in TP-Link Systems Inc. Tapo D230S1 V1.20, published on 30 Sep 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2025-10991 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2025-10991 is a high-severity authentication bypass vulnerability in TP-Link Systems Inc. Tapo D230S1 V1.20, published on 30 Sep 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-10991 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected product: TP-Link Systems Inc. Tapo D230S1 V1.20. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-10991/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-10991/index.md)","id":"CVE-2025-10991","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-10991/index.md","name":"CVE-2025-10991","record":{"aliases":["GHSA-w8gv-m6q2-jj9p"],"analysis":{"component_type":"iot_embedded","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["privilege_escalation","code_execution"],"network_reachable":"adjacent_or_local","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Smart Home Device","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Attackers with physical access can gain root privileges via UART, compromising the TP-Link Tapo D230S1 smart home device.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"auth_bypass"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"TPLink","cpe":[],"cvss":{"score":7,"severity":"high","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","version":"4.0"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-306","name":"Missing Authentication for Critical Functionality"}],"description":"The attacker may obtain root access by connecting to the UART port and this vulnerability requires the attacker to have the physical access to the device.\n\nThis issue affects Tapo D230S1 V1.20: before 1.2.2 Build 20250907.","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"none_known"},"has_fix":null,"headline":"Root Access via UART","id":"CVE-2025-10991","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":null,"products":[],"type":"auth_bypass","year":"2025"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":1,"next":{"headline":"roncoo roncoo-pay lookupList improper authorization","id":"CVE-2025-10992"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"Rexml: rexml: denial of service via inefficient regex parsing","id":"CVE-2025-10990"},"products":["Tapo D230S1 V1.20"],"published":"2025-09-30","related":[],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"no","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2025-09-30","vendors":["TP-Link Systems Inc."]},"summary":"Attackers with physical access can gain root privileges via UART, compromising the TP-Link Tapo D230S1 smart home device.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-10991/"}