CVE-2025-1125 Grub2: fs/hfs: integer overflow may lead to heap based out-of-bounds write
An integer overflow in GRUB2's HFS module allows heap-based out-of-bounds writes, potentially enabling arbitrary code execution and Secure Boot bypass.
- Exploited in the wild
- Not known
- Login needed
- Not needed
- Attackable
- Local or same network only
- Victim action needed
- A user has to click or open something
- Fix
- Available
What is CVE-2025-1125?
CVE-2025-1125 is a high-severity vulnerability in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10, published on 3 Mar 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.
Official description
When reading data from a hfs filesystem, grub's hfs filesystem module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem metadata to calculate the internal buffers size, however it misses to properly check for integer overflows. A maliciouly crafted filesystem may lead some of those buffer size calculation to overflow, causing it to perform a grub_malloc() operation with a smaller size than expected. As a result the hfsplus_open_compressed_real() function will write past of the internal buffer length. This flaw may be leveraged to corrupt grub's internal critical data and may result in arbitrary code execution by-passing secure boot protections.
Weakness: CWE-787
Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-1125?
It affects 1 product.
Products include Gnu Grub2.
How do I fix CVE-2025-1125?
Apply the vendor's patch.
Is CVE-2025-1125 being exploited?
There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-1125 in the wild and no public exploit code.
Other vulnerabilities in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- CVE-2024-56737 Memory corruption in GRUB2
- CVE-2022-28733 Integer underflow in grub_net_recv_ip4_packets
- CVE-2022-28734 Out-of-bounds write when handling split HTTP headers
- CVE-2025-61662 Grub2: missing unregister call for gettext command may lead to use-after-free
- CVE-2024-45782 Grub2: fs/hfs: strcpy() using the volume name (fs/hfs.c:382)
Sources
Also known as AZL-57513, AZL-57632, BELL-CVE-2025-1125, DEBIAN-CVE-2025-1125, GHSA-jqm6-8ggx-r3ww, UBUNTU-CVE-2025-1125.