# CVE-2025-11281: Frappe LMS Unpublished Course courses access control

> Remote attackers can access unpublished courses in Frappe LMS due to improper access controls, requiring an upgrade to remediate.

- **Severity:** Low 2.3 (`CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 5 Oct 2025
- **Updated:** 7 Oct 2025
- **Also known as:** GHSA-4jjv-8wpj-wqfg

## What is CVE-2025-11281?

CVE-2025-11281 is a low-severity missing authorization vulnerability in Frappe LMS, published on 5 Oct 2025. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

A vulnerability has been found in Frappe LMS 2.35.0. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /courses/ of the component Unpublished Course Handler. Such manipulation leads to improper access controls. The attack may be launched remotely. This attack is characterized by high complexity. The exploitability is described as difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. You should upgrade the affected component. The vendor was informed early about a total of four security issues and confirmed that those have been fixed. However, the release notes on GitHub do not mention them.

Weakness: CWE-284 (Improper Access Control), CWE-266 (Incorrect Privilege Assignment)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-11281?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Frappe Learning.

## How do I fix CVE-2025-11281?

No fix has been published for CVE-2025-11281 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2025-11281 being exploited?

It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-11281 exists.

## Other vulnerabilities in Frappe LMS

- [CVE-2023-5555](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-5555/): Cross-site Scripting (XSS) - Generic in frappe/lms (high 7.1)
- [CVE-2026-34606](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-34606/): Stored XSS in Frappe LMS (medium 6.9)
- [CVE-2026-26977](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-26977/): Frappe Learning Management System exposes details of unpublished courses to unauthorized users (medium 6.9)
- [CVE-2025-11280](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-11280/): Frappe LMS Assignment Picture files direct request (medium 6.3)
- [CVE-2023-42807](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-42807/): Frappe LMS SQL Injection Issue on People Page (medium 6.3)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-11281 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-11281 is a low-severity missing authorization vulnerability in Frappe LMS, published on 5 Oct 2025. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-11281 exists.

Affected product: Frappe LMS. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-11281/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-11281/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-11281
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11281
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-11281

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-11281/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.