CVE-2025-11411 Possible domain hijacking via promiscuous records in the authority section
Attackers can hijack domains by injecting malicious NS records into DNS replies, tricking Unbound resolvers into updating delegation information.
- Exploited in the wild
- Not known
- Login needed
- Not needed
- Attackable
- Local or same network only
- Victim action needed
- Not needed
- Fix
- Available
What is CVE-2025-11411?
CVE-2025-11411 is a medium-severity vulnerability in NLnet Labs Unbound, published on 22 Oct 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Official description
NLnet Labs Unbound up to and including version 1.24.1 is vulnerable to possible domain hijack attacks. Promiscuous NS RRSets that complement positive DNS replies in the authority section can be used to trick resolvers to update their delegation information for the zone. Usually these RRSets are used to update the resolver's knowledge of the zone's name servers. A malicious actor can exploit the possible poisonous effect by injecting NS RRSets (and possibly their respective address records) in a reply. This could be done for example by trying to spoof a packet or fragmentation attacks. Unbound would then proceed to update the NS RRSet data it already has since the new data has enough trust for it, i.e., in-zone data for the delegation point. Unbound 1.24.1 includes a fix that scrubs unsolicited NS RRSets (and their respective address records) from replies mitigating the possible poison effect. Unbound 1.24.2 includes an additional fix that scrubs unsolicited NS RRSets (and their respective address records) from YXDOMAIN and non-referral nodata replies, further mitigating the possible poison effect.
Weakness: CWE-349
Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-11411?
Linux distribution packages (21)
python3-unbound Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | All versions | 0:1.24.2-11.1.hum1 |
unbound Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | All versions | 0:1.24.2-11.1.hum1 |
unbound-anchor Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | All versions | 0:1.24.2-11.1.hum1 |
unbound-devel Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | All versions | 0:1.24.2-11.1.hum1 |
unbound-dracut Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | All versions | 0:1.24.2-11.1.hum1 |
unbound-libs Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | All versions | 0:1.24.2-11.1.hum1 |
unbound-munin Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | All versions | 0:1.24.2-11.1.hum1 |
unbound-utils Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | All versions | 0:1.24.2-11.1.hum1 |
unbound SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | All versions | 1.20.0-150100.10.22.1 |
unbound SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | All versions | 1.20.0-150600.23.13.1 |
unbound SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 | All versions | 1.20.0-150600.23.13.1 |
unbound SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP6 | All versions | 1.20.0-150600.23.13.1 |
unbound SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7 | All versions | 1.20.0-150600.23.13.1 |
unbound SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | All versions | 1.24.1-160000.1.1 |
unbound SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0 | All versions | 1.24.1-160000.1.1 |
unbound SUSE:Linux Micro 6.0 | All versions | 1.22.0-2.1 |
unbound SUSE:Linux Micro 6.1 | All versions | 1.22.0-slfo.1.1_3.1 |
unbound SUSE:Linux Micro 6.2 | All versions | 1.24.1-160000.1.1 |
unbound openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | All versions | 1.20.0-150600.23.13.1 |
unbound openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | All versions | 1.24.1-160000.1.1 |
unbound openSUSE:Tumbleweed | All versions | 1.24.1-1.1 |
How do I fix CVE-2025-11411?
Upgrade to a fixed version.
Is CVE-2025-11411 being exploited?
There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-11411 in the wild and no public exploit code.
Sources
Also known as ALPINE-CVE-2025-11411, AZL-68675, AZL-68796, CLEANSTART-2026-XC00701, CLSA-2026-1780312843, CLSA-2026-1780509244 and 21 more.