# CVE-2025-11411: Possible domain hijacking via promiscuous records in the authority section > Attackers can hijack domains by injecting malicious NS records into DNS replies, tricking Unbound resolvers into updating delegation information. - **Severity:** Medium 5.7 (`CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:H/E:P`) - **Exploited in the wild:** Not known - **Login needed:** Not needed - **Attackable:** Local or same network only - **Victim action needed:** Not needed - **Fix available:** Yes - **Published:** 22 Oct 2025 - **Updated:** 5 Dec 2025 - **Also known as:** ALPINE-CVE-2025-11411, AZL-68675, AZL-68796, CLEANSTART-2026-XC00701, CLSA-2026-1780312843, CLSA-2026-1780509244, DEBIAN-CVE-2025-11411, DLA-4365-1, DLA-4365-2, DSA-6071-1, ECHO-9e2a-1638-b83e, GHSA-6w73-x38p-26g5, MGASA-2025-0273, MGASA-2025-0318, OESA-2025-2687, RHSA-2026:7645, SUSE-SU-2025:21050-1, SUSE-SU-2025:21065-1, SUSE-SU-2025:4134-1, SUSE-SU-2025:4391-1, SUSE-SU-2026:20180-1, SUSE-SU-2026:20201-1, UBUNTU-CVE-2025-11411, USN-7855-1, USN-7855-2, openSUSE-SU-2025:15668-1, openSUSE-SU-2026:20139-1 ## What is CVE-2025-11411? CVE-2025-11411 is a medium-severity vulnerability in NLnet Labs Unbound, published on 22 Oct 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim. ### Official description NLnet Labs Unbound up to and including version 1.24.1 is vulnerable to possible domain hijack attacks. Promiscuous NS RRSets that complement positive DNS replies in the authority section can be used to trick resolvers to update their delegation information for the zone. Usually these RRSets are used to update the resolver's knowledge of the zone's name servers. A malicious actor can exploit the possible poisonous effect by injecting NS RRSets (and possibly their respective address records) in a reply. This could be done for example by trying to spoof a packet or fragmentation attacks. Unbound would then proceed to update the NS RRSet data it already has since the new data has enough trust for it, i.e., in-zone data for the delegation point. Unbound 1.24.1 includes a fix that scrubs unsolicited NS RRSets (and their respective address records) from replies mitigating the possible poison effect. Unbound 1.24.2 includes an additional fix that scrubs unsolicited NS RRSets (and their respective address records) from YXDOMAIN and non-referral nodata replies, further mitigating the possible poison effect. Weakness: CWE-349 (Acceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data) ## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-11411? | Package | Ecosystem | Affected | Fixed in | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | `python3-unbound` | Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | All versions | 0:1.24.2-11.1.hum1 | | `unbound` | Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | All versions | 0:1.24.2-11.1.hum1 | | `unbound-anchor` | Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | All versions | 0:1.24.2-11.1.hum1 | | `unbound-devel` | Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | All versions | 0:1.24.2-11.1.hum1 | | `unbound-dracut` | Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | All versions | 0:1.24.2-11.1.hum1 | | `unbound-libs` | Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | All versions | 0:1.24.2-11.1.hum1 | | `unbound-munin` | Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | All versions | 0:1.24.2-11.1.hum1 | | `unbound-utils` | Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | All versions | 0:1.24.2-11.1.hum1 | | `unbound` | SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | All versions | 1.20.0-150100.10.22.1 | | `unbound` | SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | All versions | 1.20.0-150600.23.13.1 | | `unbound` | SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 | All versions | 1.20.0-150600.23.13.1 | | `unbound` | SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP6 | All versions | 1.20.0-150600.23.13.1 | | `unbound` | SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7 | All versions | 1.20.0-150600.23.13.1 | | `unbound` | SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | All versions | 1.24.1-160000.1.1 | | `unbound` | SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0 | All versions | 1.24.1-160000.1.1 | | `unbound` | SUSE:Linux Micro 6.0 | All versions | 1.22.0-2.1 | | `unbound` | SUSE:Linux Micro 6.1 | All versions | 1.22.0-slfo.1.1_3.1 | | `unbound` | SUSE:Linux Micro 6.2 | All versions | 1.24.1-160000.1.1 | | `unbound` | openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | All versions | 1.20.0-150600.23.13.1 | | `unbound` | openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | All versions | 1.24.1-160000.1.1 | | `unbound` | openSUSE:Tumbleweed | All versions | 1.24.1-1.1 | ## How do I fix CVE-2025-11411? Upgrade to a fixed version. ## Is CVE-2025-11411 being exploited? There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-11411 in the wild and no public exploit code. ## Fix prompt for AI coding agents ```text Check this codebase for CVE-2025-11411 and fix it if it is affected. What it is: CVE-2025-11411 is a medium-severity vulnerability in NLnet Labs Unbound, published on 22 Oct 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim. Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-11411 in the wild and no public exploit code. Affected product: NLnet Labs Unbound. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page. Task: 1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies. 2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it. 3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead. 4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why. 5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing. Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-11411/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-11411/index.md) ``` ## Sources - CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-11411 - NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11411 - OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-11411 --- From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-11411/ Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.